| If microfilaments antagonize microtubules, this uneven distribution of microfilaments should affect microtubule morphology. |
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| It was reported for pea that GA changes the orientation of microtubules and cellulose microfibrils, making the cells swell more in length. |
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| Meiotic chromosome segregation is initiated when tension signals the bipolar attachment of microtubules to each homolog pair. |
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| These processes are formed and maintained by the neuronal cytoskeleton, particularly microtubules and actin filaments. |
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| The researchers used cryogenic electron microscopy to study the complexity of the end of microtubules under known growth conditions. |
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| The three other products of female meiosis, the polar bodies, arrest in a metaphase state and associate with radiating arrays of microtubules. |
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| In metaphase, sister kinetochores attach to microtubules emanating from opposite spindle pole bodies during alignment of the chromosomes. |
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| The cytoskeleton consists of three different protein filaments: microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments. |
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| The biogenesis of microtubules in the cell comprises a series of complex steps, including protein-folding reactions catalyzed by chaperonins. |
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| The cell is then stretched and split into two halves on the framework of microtubules, each half containing a full complement of chromosomes. |
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| This suggests that the distribution of minus ends where microtubules depolymerize and thus, the pole itself, extends over a large area. |
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| These pharmacological agents depolymerize microtubules and actin respectively. |
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| In animal cells mitochondrion movement is mainly associated with microtubules. |
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| In most animal cells, the centrosome contains a pair of centrioles, which consist of an array of microtubules. |
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| In patients with a defect of central microtubules, the ultrastructure, and thus the function, of nodal cilia would not be affected. |
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| The ultrastructure of normal cilia consists of nine outer microtubule pairs and two single central microtubules. |
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| The biogenesis of microtubules in vivo consists of a cascade of sequential reactions. |
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| The microtubules tie the chromosomes to the mitotic spindle during cell division. |
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| As in wild type, the cytoplasm of the cap cell has many microtubules organized parallel to the longitudinal axis of the organelle. |
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| In particular, we have focused our attention on microtubules, actin microfilaments and intermediate filaments of keratin. |
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| There are nine paired microtubules per axoneme, and they are interconnected by dynein molecules, protruding at regular intervals like the legs of a millipede. |
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| Proteins made in microtubules of the liver cells cannot be released and lead to enlarged balloon-like cells, the hallmark of alcoholic liver disease. |
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| Second, the centromere is the focus for the formation of the kinetochore, where microtubules connect to the chromosomes during anaphase in mitosis and meiosis. |
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| In a similar fashion, the final stage of animal cytokinesis is based on de novo formation of the plasma membrane via the interdigitating microtubules known as the midbody. |
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| Actin microfilaments are found perpendicular to the cortical microtubules and may be the source of motion to propel the directional motions of the fluid membrane. |
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| A number of models have been proposed based on assumption of certain feedback mechanisms wherein local sliding between microtubules is regulated by the axonemal curvature. |
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| It brings us to another question, whether the neck region of a flagellar axoneme with a basal body could make some mechanical hindrance to microtubules sliding. |
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| Here we provide evidence of a new type of organelle movement in squid axoplasm which is independent of both microtubules and microtubule-based motors. |
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| The dynactin complex interacts with both microtubules and microfilaments. |
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| The basic structural subunit of microtubules is the protein tubulin. |
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| A legacy of these ancient symbiotic interactions is that eukaryotic cells continue to show tight links between nuclei, centrosomes and microtubules in the form of Cell Bodies. |
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| The correct segregation of sister chromatids to daughter cells during mitosis depends on the formation of a bipolar spindle composed primarily of microtubules. |
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| Cells are prestressed networks of tension-bearing microfilaments that are coupled to compression-resistant microtubules and extracellular matrix molecules. |
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| When nocodazole was used to depolymerize microtubules in the cell periphery, we observed a significant increase of failures to initiate compared to untreated cells. |
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| Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon have also been found. |
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| It targets microtubules, the major cytoskeletal component of cells which play a pivotal role in cell replication. |
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| Tau protein is responsible for the assembly of microtubules within the cell that form its structure. |
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| Composed of fibrous molecules called microtubules, this structure is responsible for the segregation of chromosomes between daughter cells. |
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| Further to this, there was a suggestion that the microtubules could be pumped into a coherent state by biochemical energy. |
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| Endoplasmic microtubules connect the advancing nucleus to the tip of legume root hairs, but F-actin is involved in basipetal migration. |
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| Kinetochores are crucial for accurate chromosome segregation because they link chromosomes to spindle microtubules. |
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| These meiotic division processes involve extensive rearrangement of microtubules and microfilaments. |
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| Within the cytoplasm are neurofilaments, which provide structure, and microtubules, which supply the mechanism for rapid vesicle transport. |
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| The kinetochore is a large multi-subunit and multi-copy protein complex that bridges mitotic chromosomes with spindle microtubules. |
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| To examine this potential role of microtubules, uncut cells were treated with thiabendazole, a depolymerizer of Dictyostelium microtubules. |
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| The plant cytoskeleton consists principally of microtubules and microfilaments, molecules that are remarkably conserved in eukaryotic organisms. |
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| Each tubulin also has a tail extending out from the microtubules, which is negatively charged, and therefore attracts positively charged ions. |
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| The taxanes and vinca alkaloids target that part of the cytoskeleton known as microtubules. |
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| Centrosomes, microtubules, and microfilaments in the reendothelialization and remodeling of double-sided in vitro wounds. |
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| Changes in microtubules and microfilaments due to a combined effect of ultrasound and cytostatics in HeLa cells. |
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| This presentation concluded that Kip3D localizes to ends of mitotic spindle microtubules and is a microtubule depolymerizing kinesin. |
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| Intracellular connective structures are minute threads known as microtubules and microfilaments. |
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| Cell division is necessary for most forms of regeneration and blocking it by destabilizing microtubules will lead to a lack of regeneration. |
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| These stride along protein microtubules that form the cell structure. |
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| The role of microtubules in cell biology, neurobiology, and oncology. |
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| New research presented February 19 shows that forces similar to those that cause traumatic brain injury can damage tiny conduits called microtubules. |
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| The growth-related, translationally controlled protein P23 has properties of a tubulin binding protein and associates transiently with microtubules during the cell cycle. |
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| The four plastids serve as plastid-MTOCs and cones of microtubules emanating from them interact to further define cytokinetic planes and initiate a quadripolar spindle. |
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| Apart from various other proteins centrin has been reported to be associated with centrosome duplication and to sever axonemal microtubules from their associated basal bodies. |
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