| Organic sediments are derived from plant and animal matter: förna is recognizable plant and animal remains, äfja finely divided remains in colloidal suspension, and gyttja is a deposit formed from äfja that has been oxidized. |
| In the eighty-five hundrecordeds recorded in the gyttja, a volcano on Deception Island seventy miles away as the albatross flies erupted explosively seven times. |
| Next, they compared the gyttja with ice and sea-sediment cores from adjacent areas some of the most reliable records of climate change. |
| Incorporation of old carbon into basal gyttja yields ages from bulk samples that are initially about 600 yr too old. |
| Radiocarbon determinations from this type of environment must be analysed with care because of the variable sources of carbon available to the plants which form the gyttja. |
| All laboratory tests were performed on 19 samples of gyttja and lacustrine chalk taken from the lakelands. |
