| The popular conception of nations and nationalisms is that they are fairly recent phenomena, arising around the time of the French Revolution or after. |
| Most obviously, the collapse of communism unleashed a wave of ethnic nationalisms in Eastern Europe which dramatically affected the democratization process. |
| This form of nationalism is unificatory and corresponds historically with the nationalisms of Italy and Germany in the nineteenth century. |
| Zionism was influenced by, and has many similarities with, other contemporary European nationalisms. |
| There were also more nationalisms based on religious fundamentalisms that restricted women's roles as part of their doctrine. |
| That undoubtedly is what we may conclude from the rise of extreme right ideologies and nationalisms of all kinds. |
