| Fluorescent lanthanide metal chelates selected from compounds of the following formulas I through X: Fluorescent chelates of claim 1 for europium and terbium. |
| This is accomplished by making the NMR signals for the protons of the enantiomers non-equivalent by the use of chiral lanthanide shift reagents, chiral solvating agents or chiral derivatizing agents. |
| Lumi4® complexes are a new class of fluorescent-metal lanthanide detection reagents based on technology patented by Professor Kenneth N. Raymond and coworkers at the University of California, Berkeley. |
| Moseley's experimental studies verified the existence of 13 of these elements and showed that the 14th lanthanide must be element 61 and lie between neodymium and samarium. |
| Like the lanthanide elements, the actinides have very similar chemical properties. |
| It is due to the increase in the nuclear charge, which is not completely screened by the additional 4f electron as one goes from one lanthanide to the next. |
