| Second, there was a lack of skilled vine dressers and knowledge of the industry, especially knowledge of local climatic and edaphic factors. |
| Iron toxicity is one the major edaphic constraints of lowlands in West Africa. |
| Groundwater in the aeration zone is called edaphic water, whilst that found in the saturation zone is termed phreatic water. |
| Such environmental and edaphic changes may greatly influence plant growth and survivorship, shaping species composition in the post-harvest community. |
| Their abundance profiles in relation to different edaphic characteristics reveal habitat preferences and the existence of exclusive species. |
| The three populations were classified into two edaphic groups according to soil type. |
