| The strong dominance of olenids in sea-floor environments that were poor in oxygen but rich in sulphur suggested to Fortey that they may have been chemoautotrophic symbionts. |
| The gill symbiont of the hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus thermophilus is a psychrophilic, chemoautotrophic, sulfur bacterium. |
| Chemoautotrophic microbes have been found in deep-ocean sediments and at hydrothermal vents, where hot water flows out through newly formed volcanic rock at mid-ocean ridges. |
| From volcanic origins of chemoautotrophic life to Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. |
| These resemble the foot of some specialized bivalves used to penetrate putrid sediment to release H 2 S consumed by symbiotic chemoautotrophic bacteria. |
