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What is an aerenchyma?

What is an aerenchyma? Here are some definitions.

Noun
  1. (botany) A spongy, airy tissue found especially in the roots of aquatic plants.
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Examples
It has been widely suggested that phellem, a corky outer layer derived from the cork cambium may function as aerenchyma, but until now no-one had tested that hypothesis.
Programmed cell death also takes place in the cortex of adventitious roots to form aerenchyma.
An example of this kind of adaptation is the formation in aquatic plants of an especially porous plant tissue called aerenchyma.
Finally, long-term morphological changes are induced, such as the formation of lenticels and aerenchyma to improve the oxygen permeability of the tissue.
Fusoid cells are characteristically found only in bamboos, and have been considered as aerenchyma tissues.
Extensive aerenchyma tissues in the cortex permit the rice plant to persist in very poorly drained soils.

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