“Typically, altered gene dosage caused by karyotypic abnormalities results in embryonic lethality or birth defects.”

“Twelve cases had complex karyotypic abnormalities, and 14 cases had a single karyotypic abnormality.”

“In patients with azoospermia or severe oligospermia, the karyotype should be determined because of the increased incidence of karyotypic abnormalities in this population.”