How to use trophic in a sentence

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Sentence Examples Growth factors delivered according to the invention exert a trophic effect at or near the delivery site. Our approach disclosed a disproportional impact on trophic cascades by numerically minor phototrophs that otherwise would have gone unnoticed. The flow of energy from one trophic level to another can be pictured in the form of an energy pyramid. Thus the mesofauna represent an important trophic link of the detritus food chain to terrestrial vertebrates. The trend toward trophic specialization is also correlated with stereotyped geometries in the locomotor system. Finally, our understanding of the trophic structure of the ecosystem was greatly advanced by following the tracer through the food web. Differential expression of seasonal energetic adaptations generates a continuum in the trophic status of endotherms during winter. The blue marlin occupies a high trophic level, feeding on pelegic and benthic organisms in the ecosystem of the open ocean. This has important ecological implications for trophic responses and estuarine productivity. Those effects are exacerbated in piscivorous species, because of the tendency of PCBs to biomagnify at upper trophic levels. The trigeminal nerve also has an important trophic function maintaining tissue integrity and healing in the eye. Each step in the food chain, illustrated by the energy pyramid, is called a trophic, or feeding, level. This high interannual variability at the base of the food chain influences organisms at all trophic levels. Local extinctions of native species may occur at the invading species' own trophic level or at different trophic levels. This ratio varies in plesiosaurs by more than an order of magnitude and is used here as a proxy for trophic specialization. Furthermore, different guilds within the herbivore trophic level may be influenced differently by N addition, predators, and abiotic conditions. The trophic structure of the ocean is built on the plankton known as krill. In addition, many species eat both plants and animals and therefore feed at more than one trophic level. Ground beetles were divided into predatory and phytophagous trophic levels. The species was chosen as a VEC because of its high trophic level, and its cultural and economic importance to the Inuvialuit. Show More Sentences Even a simplified food web can show a complicated network of trophic relationships. However, following the decline of commercial fish stocks, a shift to low trophic level species could exert pressure on the beluga's food sources. Through biological magnification, mercury concentrations increase with each trophic level of the food chain. The presence of parasites is a good surrogate for research on food webs and trophic structure. One way might be to inject trophic factors into the body and hope they travel to the right parts of the central nervous system. Bioaccumulative chemicals are usually fat soluble and build up in higher trophic levels, including in humans. The number of trophic levels in the marine and aquatic realms is greater than on land. There is relatively little information on trophic relationships among nearshore Antarctic peninsula organisms that inhabit the most productive areas in the Antarctic. The concentration of phosphorus is an indicator of the trophic status of an ecosystem. For both acute toxicity and chronic toxicity, a minimum of two species must be included to address different trophic levels. Investigators also had the opportunity to better understand the impact of invasive species on organisms at lower trophic levels. Blue whales are low trophic level foragers, consuming between two and four tonnes of prey per day. This can affect the structure of marine communities as fisheries target lower and lower trophic levels. An example is trophic cascades, which are changes in biomass propagated across three or more trophic levels. A more comprehensive study may determine temporal and spatial variation in trophic level and contaminant exposure. Explain the process of bioaccumulation and assess its potential impact on the viability and diversity of consumers at all trophic levels. The site THM1 regularly exhibited the highest metal concentrations among different locations, irrespective of trophic level. The direct effects of plant quality on omnivores is, therefore, likely to induce a trophic cascade whereby plant feeding by the omnivore ultimately benefits the plant. Furthermore, medical treatments for endometriosis act in a variety of ways to abolish the trophic effect of oestradiol on both the eutopic and ectopic endometrium. Reduced sea ice extent or the timing of sea ice formation and break-up will impact the lower trophic levels of the ecosystems upon which polar bears depend. Show More Sentences The efficiency at which energy is transferred from one trophic level to another is called ecological efficiency. Most effects to date have been described in the lower trophic systems and the impact to wildlife and bird species is largely unknown. The ripple effect will certainly not stop at the boundary of that trophic level or of that level where those stocks feed. This production increase suggests that a shift in the trophic status of the river from oligotrophy to eutrophy accompanied development of New Bedford's commercial economy. The functions of the brood, incubating and marsupial pouches should be further investigated in relation to their osmoprotective and perhaps also trophic roles for the embryos. Being meat eaters, carnivores are at the top of the food chain and form the highest trophic level within ecosystems. In 1997, biomass of both littoral and sublittoral invertebrates in the impoundment was comparable to that of New Brunswick lakes of similar trophic status. These data sets often consist of biomarker responses covering all the levels of biological organization in a vast array of bioindicator organisms representing different trophic levels. Consequently, the ability in using efficiently the root exudates determines the issue of the competition for trophic sources between pathogenic and nonpathogenic. The second trophic level consists of herbivores which eat primary producers. The species is being examined as one of potential organic biofilters from the detritivore trophic level. This leads to an inevitable energy pyramid and various ecological efficiencies that determine the quantity of energy transferred between successive trophic levels. In longstanding disease, trophic changes such as sclerodactyly, ulcerations, or chronic paronychia may result. In such patients Trental® may give relief of signs and symptoms of impaired blood flow, such as intermittent claudication or trophic ulcers. Analysis of the development of the decomposer food-web, trophic relationships, and ecosystem properties during a three-year primary succession in sawdust. These latter seal species accumulate more contaminants in their tissue because they eat at a higher trophic level with a diet rich in fish. We wish to prevent a trophic cascade within our Parks by increasing the protected areas of keystone species such as wolves. The position in a food web or food chain that an organism occupies is referred to as its trophic level. American dippers, even though they fed at a higher trophic level with a diet rich in fish, generally did not have a higher burden of contaminants compared to their Eurasian counterparts. In particular, collection of additional data, which would be useful for interpreting the results with respect to diet, trophic level and other controlling factors, is not included everywhere. Show More Sentences Becquer A, Trap J, Irshad U, Ali MA, Claude P From soil to plant, the journey of P through trophic relationships and ectomycorrhizal association. In comparison to proposed trophic state indices for periphyton, mesotrophic or eutrophic conditions were indicated at four of 11 sites. Vasomotor and trophic disorders of the hand, such as those seen in algoneurodystrophies, may be combined, resulting in the classic shoulder-hand syndrome. Effective environmental management requires understanding organisms' biology across the size and trophic spectrum: not just the felines but also the flies, ferns and fungi. Yet a different set of questions in community ecology involves how many trophic levels there are in a particular place and what factors limit that number. The same is true for estimates of biomass of detritus feeders and carnivores, which are approximately equivalent to those at NIXO 45 for these trophic groups. The demise of one species or trophic level, leads to changes in others in a rapid sequence that is difficult to foresee. Fish are represented at several trophic levels in aquatic systems, from detritivore and herbivore to carnivore. Within this size group, the epibiosis trophic strategy identified in the meiobenthic harpacticoid copepod was present only at this site. Conversely, they are a central prey item or forage fish for higher trophic levels. However, determining the trophic level of many plankton is not always straightforward. Different types of phytoplankton fill different trophic levels within varying ecosystems. A common metric used to quantify food web trophic structure is food chain length. The concentration of algae and the trophic state of lakes correspond well to phosphorus levels in water. Fish that eat zooplankton could constitute the fourth trophic level, while seals consuming the fish are the fifth. This absence of the apex predator has led to a trophic cascade in many areas. In soils, for instance, acid rain causes lixiviation and mobilisation of heavy metals, which are then incorporated into the trophic chain. Additionally, there is risk of biomagnification of these hydrochar-bound toxicants into higher trophic levels. Recent experimental evidences suggest protective and trophic effects of ginseng in the memory function of Alzheimer disease. Stimulaion via a subretinally placed prosthetic elicits central activity and induces a trophic effection visual responses. Show More Sentences For a systematic treatment of biodiversity within a trophic level, see unified neutral theory of biodiversity. The Atlantic halibut occupies a relatively high trophic level in the food chain. As apex predators, heavy fishing of cod in the 1990s and the collapse of American and Canadian cod stocks resulted in trophic cascades. This trophic parasitism is thought to have arisen from plesiobiosis, the habitual nesting of two species in very close proximity. Functional analysis of these hormones also is difficult, for the targets of certain hormones of the adenohypophysis, called tropic, or trophic, hormones, are other endocrine glands. Energy passes through these trophic levels primarily along the grazer and detrital chains and is progressively degraded to heat through metabolic activities. The effect of organic enrichment in sediments is to move the system to one dominated by bacteria, ciliates and meiofauna, and where the trophic links to the next level of the food web are broken. Black Poplar moreover regulates the innervation of the sympathic system, cures trophic cutaneous disorders and is indicated in luteic homeopathic constitution. For haddock, a higher trophic level might mean feeding on larger, more nutritious prey that can lead to optimal growth and reproduction. The authors assume high accuracy for theoretical predictors like molecular clocks and assignments of trophic level. Natural communities are complex systems with multiple trophic levels and nonlinear interactions between species. New associations arising from with biological invasions can impact the strength of existing links with effects cascading through trophic levels. Wolves of coastal BC showed considerable intrapopulation variation in trophic niche, which was expressed at multiple levels of population structure. Lipid biomarkers and trophic linkages between ctenophores and copepods in Svalbard waters. Multi-trophic aquaculture is a type of aquafarming that uses species from different nutritional or trophic levels to create a semi-natural ecosystem. The low species diversity and abundant resident population make soda lakes especially appealing environments in which to conduct investigations of trophic dynamics and ecosystem processes. To assess species diversity and abundance of aquatic oligochaete communities in order to determine the trophic status and relative health of benthic communities in the Great Lakes. Because none of these variables is accepted as the single indicator of the trophic status of seawater, multiparameter classifications have been used. The elastin shortage the reduced synthesis will cause the skins premature wear as well as trophic disorders such as varix and ulcer, hemorrhoids, vergeture. Thus, the presence of just a few top predators has numerous effects – direct and indirect – that cascade down the trophic levels within an ecosystem. Show More Sentences Four to eight examples are typically sufficient and should be chosen to reflect both aquatic and terrestrial pathways, and reflect human receptors and biota receptors residing at various relevant trophic levels. As the work of Daniel Pauly and others clearly shows, the upper trophic levels of ocean ecosystems have suffered enormous reductions in biomass due to centuries of fishing. Figure 1 illustrates a marine ecosystem with a number of trophic levels. An integrated monitoring program covering all the components and various trophic levels of the St. Lawrence both upstream and downstream would give us some answers to these questions. This advance has implications for those higher trophic levels that time their migration or reproduction to take advantage of the peak in mesozooplankton. Simplistic approaches to assess ecosystem effects assume that all of the secondary benthic production that becomes anoxic or hypoxic is lost to the next trophic level of predators. If several test results are available for one species within a trophic level, a median for the species shall be calculated first, and these median values shall be used when calculating the median value for the trophic level. This study provides evidence that conservation of biofilm should be an explicit consideration not only for native invertebrate species but also higher trophic level organisms where food sources overlap. Knowing the impact of formalin on copepod size helps us to obtain reliable estimates of copepod biomass and thus to better assess the energy flow to higher trophic levels. As such programs mature, advances in integrating across a variety of trophic levels as well as organizational or spatial and temporal scales will likely occur. These in turn resulted in increased food resources for native species of fish with insignificant alteration of the macroinvertebrate community structure and trophic pathways. Each level of a food chain represents a different trophic level. They are the stem cells of choice because they are multipotent, they have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties and provide trophic support. The bioluminescence attracts attention to the dinoflagellate and its attacker, making the predator more vulnerable to predation from higher trophic levels. After amputation, siphons can regenerate providing a renewable source of secondary production that has been shown to maintain higher trophic levels. As with all marine food webs, the Black Sea features a range of trophic groups, with autotrophic algae, including diatoms and dinoflagellates, acting as primary producers. The neuromuscular junction requires trophic support by the nerves and through mechanisms that are not fully understood degenerates when denervated. Examples from Classical Literature Other trophic centres, governing nerve tracts in the spinal cord itself, are in the various regions of the brain. A nerve also exerts a trophic influence on the tissues in which it is distributed. There is also a trophic differentiation, the fibres undertaking special functions of nutrition. Then at a somewhat higher level, self-differentiation, and the trophic reaction to functional stimuli. They are unaccompanied by any alteration in sensation, in the reflexes, or in the trophic functions. In the higher animals and in primitive man, according to them, all trophic actions entered consciousness and were regulated by it. In this manner they explain burns through suggestion, stigmata, trophic changes of a miraculous appearance, etc. Forms in which schizogonic reproduction is of general occurrence during the extra-cellular, trophic phase. Bed-sores and other trophic changes are common, and there is the usual risk of complications in relation to the urinary tract. Certain cells of the anterior part of the spinal cord, for example, are the trophic centres of the spinal motor nerves. Since nasal ulcerations can be secondary to other conditions, a lesional biopsy should be performed to exclude other diagnoses when trigeminal trophic syndrome is entertained. Find more words! 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What is the opposite of trophic? Words that rhyme with trophic What is the adverb for trophic? What is the noun for trophic? Use our Sentence Generator Nearby Words trophectoderm trophallaxis tropes trope tropaeolum trop trophic cascade trophic level trophic levels trophies trophoblast trophoblastic 7-letter Words Starting With t tr tro trop troph trophi