Japanese investigators have discovered that plastics can concentrate hydrophobic chemicals a millionfold.
Scientists soon realized that the water strider's hydrophobic legs and undersides, coupled with its small size, are what keep it from drowning.
Due to this increase, voids are created in the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer.
The interactions of the lipid molecules with the nanotube may be classified as hydrophobic and hydrogen-bondlike.
Highly structured water molecules occur in the monolayer adjacent to hydrophobic domains of intracellular solutes.
These studies address the effect of the hydrophobic surfactant proteins on diffusion within lipid bilayers.
This is mainly the result of hydrophobic partitioning of individual detergent molecules at lipid and protein-lipid interfaces.
This implies that chromophore protonation precedes the exposure of hydrophobic surface.
During the cyclisation of the intermediate polyamic acid to the polyimide, the resin becomes less hydrophobic.
Upon transfer to a hydrophobic medium, it fluoresces brightly in the visible range and exhibits a high degree of environmental sensitivity.
Coating a porous material like foam with this polymer makes it hydrophobic, so it won't absorb water.
It is believed that ionic, hydrophobic, charge-transfer, van der Waals interactions as well as steric effects can all play a role in the binding.
The microspheres were prepared by a modified hydrophobic congealable disperse-phase method.
The anaesthetics bind in a hydrophobic pocket which is the normal binding site for a necessary cofactor.
The inherent positive charge of the quaternary nitrogen and hydrophobic retinoid side chains in A2E suggest that it may behave as a surfactant.
The insertion of the hydrophobic acyl chains into the lipid bilayer forms a putative fourth cytoplasmic loop.
This fold gathers the hydrophobic residues such that the acyl side chains have a reduced exposure to water.
Thus, the adsorption and affinity of each protein studied should be quite different when they are adsorbed on a hydrophobic surface.
The adsorption of surfactant molecules onto the aggregate surface changes the nature the surface from hydrophilic to hydrophobic.
It follows that hydrophobic organic compounds have high adsorption coefficients and high bioaccumulation factors.
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However, these side chains do not fully occlude the pore but rather appear to form a hydrophobic barrier to ion permeation.
It is worthwhile trying different batches of carbon film which are either hydrophilic or hydrophobic.
In addition to its photodynamic properties, hypericin is also hydrophobic and binds to a variety of cell and enveloped virus membranes.
Emulsions are typically made up of a hydrophilic, aqueous portion and a hydrophobic, oil portion.
It is clear that two different hydrophobic motifs are conserved in annelid species.
The crystal structure of the Max homodimer shows it to be a parallel, left-handed, four-helix bundle with a hydrophobic core.
The hydrophobic group is bound to the surface of the external phase and hydrophillic group orients towards the internal aqueous phase.
Also no difference in the packing of the hydrophobic core between the parallel and antiparallel orientations was expected.
The most hydrophobic and fungitoxic compound unexpectedly proved to be elemental sulphur.
In general, the pore-lining residues are hydrophobic, which would create an apolar seal and prevent the passage of ions.
The negative values refer to inverse relationships between hydrophobic and hydrophilic residues.
With this kind of dual nature, the hydrophilic part will face the water and the hydrophobic part will exclude water.
However, scientists argue about whether hydrophobic or hydrophilic interactions are dominant.
This protein, a carrier of small hydrophobic molecules including retinoic acid, has the potential to modulate lymphatic responses.
However, synthetics like polyester and nylon are naturally hydrophobic, so they repel the water and keep it away from the skin.
Structures can be designed to focus surface tension or hydrophobic attraction as compressive stress.
We calculated the energy of splay and tilt deformations necessary to avoid such hydrophobic exposure.
Due to the hydrophobic nature of elastin, this amorphous, cross-linked protein is insoluble in water and many organic solvents.
Both the sugar and phosphate groups of a nucleotide are hydrophilic, while the nitrogenous base component is hydrophobic.
In a second step, these helices are inserted into the hydrophobic environment of the detergent micelle.
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The low-dielectric properties of the microsphere appear to dominate the spectroscopic properties of the hydrophobic chromophores.
Are you a pluviophile or hydrophobic?
To fill the channels with the aqueous buffer solution, the hydrophobic surface of PDMS was wetted with ethanol, which was gradually replaced by water.
Consider a reversible gel in aqueous solvent with the polymers constituting the gel consisting of hydrophobic groups separated by hydrophilic spacers, as in the RG model.
The researchers decided to conjugate cholesterol to PEI to act as a hydrophobic lipid anchor, and it turned out that the cholesterol enhanced endocytosis of the complex.
It has been suggested that bifunctional molecules like alcohol can penetrate into the hydrophobic core of lys modifying its structural and dynamic properties.
The hydrophobic fourfold channels, in contrast, present large energy barriers for both monovalent and divalent ions, practically insurmountable for the latter.
Hydrophilic portions of the amphiphile are shown as dark shaded, hydrophobic portions are shown as light shaded, and solvent is shown as unshaded.
This resulted in a hydrophobic, self-assembled monolayer of octanethiol, chemisorbed to the gold-covered areas, whereas the mica regions remained uncovered.
The polyurethane foam does not hold moisture and is hydrophobic.
It was hypothesized that this unaccounted mass was embedded in the hydrophobic interior of the lipid membrane, inaccessible to the negative stain.
The plastic is hydrophobic and thus impermeable to ions and water.
The long hydrophobic tail of vinyl butyrate was placed along the hydrophobic cleft of the active site, while the bulky phenyl ring was fitted on the opposite side.
Steroid and thyroid hormones are hydrophobic and diffuse from their binding proteins in the plasma, across the plasma membrane to intracellularly localized receptors.
In contrast, hydrophobic driven binding and low levels of electrostatic interactions are associated with conformational flexibility and cross-reactivity.
The fulvic acids from solid-phase source materials contain only hydrophobic organic acids, so they are operationally equivalent to fulvic acids from natural waters.
Hydrophillic lysine mutations can be used to determine the orientation of residue side chains towards core hydrophobic or surface hydrophillic environments.
The presence of hydrophobic and hydrophillic portions of the molecules tend to make such molecules to concentrate at the interface with the hydrophillic portion in the aqueous phase.
The inner and outer layers of the fluid mosaic model are made of phospholipid molecules arranged so that their hydrophobic tails are in the middle of the membrane.
Froth flotation is a process designed to separate hydrophobic particles selectively in an aqueous medium, in which gas bubbles are dispersed.
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But the hydrophobic amide group of this bifunctional monomer brings amorphousness in the specimen and thus, decreasing the hardness value.
They comprise a complex mixture of hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules produced by a polyethoxylation reaction.
We could say that the original pathway is blocked at the location of the hydrophobic grain at the same matric potential as the hydrophilic sand.
Silk fibroin contains hydrophobic Beta sheet blocks, interrupted by small hydrophilic groups.
Formulated with hydrophobic polymers and genuine carnauba wax, it works on all exterior surfaces including plastic, rubber and trim.
Microprinting of hydrophobic gold surfaces with carboxy terminated thiols generates hydrophilic domains.
Since it is moderately hydrophobic, it is said to readily remove organic and inorganic compounds in the presence of water.
They have good hydrophobic and oleophilic properties, but their non-biodegradability is a major disadvantage.
Lignin confers the hydrophobic properties reflecting the fact that it is based on aromatic rings.
In order to thicken oil and solvent systems, the hydrophilic clays are modified with various types of hydrophobic quaternary ammonium compounds.
It contains a novel chemical chelating agent that modifies surface rust into a hydrophobic passive layer.
Peripheral membrane proteins, or extrinsic proteins, do not interact with the hydrophobic core of the phospholipid bilayer.
Each end of a micelle has an opposite charge, one hydrophilic, while the other is hydrophobic.
The interactions between CaM and myr MA are endothermic and entropically driven, suggesting that hydrophobic contacts are critical for binding.
The basis of this effect is hydrophobic surface nanoprojections or nanofibers.
The upright cup test is used to test microporous hydrophobic coatings and laminates and measures water or perspiration vapor transmission.
In the present work, hydrophobic PU and hydrophilic ampicillin are mixed together in the same solvent and electrospun into a fibrous scaffold.
The produced nanoparticles in this research are made of multifunctional polyethylene, that is completely hydrophobic and it is produced in one step.
MasterProtect C 350 hydrophobic coating is the latest addition to the MasterProtect line of protective coatings, part of BASF's Master Builders Solutions brand.
The no oxidant requirement gives it a hydrophobic character.
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As an additional feature, the molecule contains a hydrophobic chain attached to one of branches, which is responsible for TWEEN's behavior as a tenside.
These micelles are able to carry molecules that have very little solubility in water, that have low molecular weight and that are very hydrophobic, such as Ritonavir.
Unlike traditional persistent organic pollutants, which are lipophilic and stored primarily in fat tissue, PFOS and PFOA are both lipophobic and hydrophobic.
As an example application, poly is hydrophobic and lipophobic.
In this position, astaxanthin can intercept reactive molecular species within the membrane's hydrophobic interior and along its hydrophilic boundaries.
Waterborne hydrophobic pollutants collect and magnify on the surface of plastic debris, thus making plastic far more deadly in the ocean than it would be on land.
Waterborne hydrophobic pollutants collect and magnify on the surface of plastic debris, thus making plastic more deadly in the ocean than it would be on land.
To investigate the mechanism why cholestasis may affect HSC activation, we treated primary HSCs with one of the hydrophobic bile acids, taurolithocholic acid for 24 hours.
Typical films are made of wax or related hydrophobic compounds.
Group B contained free hydrophobic amino acids such as Phe and Val, conjugated phenylpropanoids, including chlorogenate and procyanidin, and many sugar phosphates.
It is widely accepted that it is harder to achieve surfaces with oleophobic than hydrophobic properties because most oils have low surface tension.
In the resulting structure, the polyether main chain forms a channel in the inner part of the columns, while the hydrophobic side-chain dendrons lie in the outer part.
It features a pierceable septum which maintains sterility and a large hydrophobic membrane for gas exchange to maintain proper conditions for cell growth.
The hydrophobic and smooth surface of polymers promotes dropwise instead of filmwise condensation and consequently, much higher heat transfer coefficients.
Some microbes are able to enhance the bioavailability of hydrophobic pollutants by biosynthesis of compounds that solubilize the target substrate.
Proline is known as a helix breaker in the protein structure and may be the proteolytic enzymes have less access to the hydrophobic sequence for further proteolysis.

I never was so disappointed in my life because it wasn't a hydrophobic Skunk at all.
Mr. Kraus was excused in a state of hydrophobic rage and Teed withdrew in all meekness.
It is not impossible, since Jenner found the vaccine virus, Pasteur the hydrophobic lymph and now Koch the tubercle lymph.
He detached himself from the tilting control panel and sailed wildly about like a hydrophobic goldfish in a bowl of water.
It entailed design of a semiconducting polymer with a hydrophobic backbone and hydrophilic side chains.
They are nonionic surfactant vesicles that have potential applications in the delivery of hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs.

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