The Glamorgan gentry patronized the boisterous village wakes, and even established new ones in communities which lacked them. |
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The members of the new gentry used their commercial connections and strategic land holdings to engross trade. |
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Hearing these landed gentry talk using the language of end-times apocalypse is pretty nuts. |
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Belonging mostly to the gentry, they had no intention of becoming dirt farmers or laborers in America. |
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The nineteenth-century revival of the eisteddfod and of the study of Welsh antiquities was initially encouraged by Anglican clergy and gentry. |
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On both sides of her family she could trace her ancestry back to Puritan settlers and landed gentry. |
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Sir Francis's two surviving sons were both destined for active service rather than the leisurely life of gentry on a country estate. |
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Staying here, it's easy to imagine that you have joined a private house party with the landed gentry. |
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Even America has its aristocracy, the landed gentry that haunt communities like the Hamptons. |
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There was no striking surge of bourgeois capital into land, no great expropriation of the landed aristocracy or gentry. |
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The landed gentry lost almost all of their power and status in the industrial revolution. |
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For years, the landed gentry have striven to keep secret the payments they received from Europe. |
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The dissolution of the monasteries strengthened the influence of the gentry and nobility and the shire became famous for its landed estates. |
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The fair days of the early years were occasions when only the gentry were in a position to buy and sell. |
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The source of ruling-class opposition was a distinct sector of the class, the landed gentry, and was perfectly rational in basis. |
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He was for the common people and against the corrupt and corrupting power of the gentry, nobility and royalty. |
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But throughout the early modern period, men from the labouring poor, and women of all ranks below the gentry, were illiterate. |
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More numerous than the gentry-become-townsmen were the burgesses who fraternised with the gentry. |
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Country people were more practical, but from the 17th century, cottagers as well as landed gentry took immense pride in their plants. |
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He disbelieves the commons who testified that the gentry willingly took command, shared their grievances, and led them on. |
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Provided that the barbarians remained amenable, any of these arrangements might suit the gentry better than direct imperial rule. |
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The code of gentility was far more pervasive and important than the influence of the group of self-styled gentry. |
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Even in Britain a distinction was made between the peers of the realm and the gentry. |
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Authors of county histories devoted much space to pedigrees of families, since this would induce the gentry to subscribe to their volumes. |
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Death duties probably appeal to old Labourites as a way to punish the landed gentry. |
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Were they preludes to a hymn sung by a congregation, and, if so, commoners in a parish church or gentry in a court chapel? |
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The English and French gentry used patch boxes in which to keep beauty patches as well as patches to cover pox scars. |
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They were outnumbered hugely both by the gentry classes above them, and by the general peasantry below. |
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The landed gentry had some sympathy with popular resentment of the activities of moneyed and mercantile entrepreneurs. |
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This gentry subscribed liberally to the clergymen's local histories, incorporating chronology, natural history and meteorology. |
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So the cap was the headdress of the underclass, the turban of the landed gentry, and the pagri of the urban rich and of the maharajas. |
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Things go south, however, once the chevalier meets the noble gentry and gets down to the business of solving the mystery. |
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The weakening of lordship and the cheapness of land had provided conditions which the yeomen and gentry were best positioned to exploit. |
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But if initial opposition to the police did come from the landed gentry, this evaporated as the threat of Chartism grew. |
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In medieval tower houses and castles, the gentry and their servants often slept in the same room, separated only by curtains. |
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My grandmother was a nursemaid in high demand with the richest echelons of the London gentry. |
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At the shire-hall new-year celebrations, 15-year-old Ruth Hilton catches the eye of a 23-year-old sprig of the gentry. |
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Portraits of the aristocracy of the viceregal era include members of the clergy, the military and the landed gentry. |
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Many householders from the gentry downwards, and most retailers, brewed their own beer. |
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Gone are the days, she says, when this was a pastime solely for the landed gentry. |
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He made a fortune from trade and joined the gentry, but he was by no means the first upwardly mobile business magnate. |
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You're the daughter of untitled gentry, holding little to no social status. |
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In Wales the gentry seem to have discarded the blood feud along with other elements of Celtic culture. |
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Then councils could have upper chambers with locally ennobled Blairite members, an appointed gentry. |
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The 59-year-old, with the courtly manner of the southern black gentry, shrinks from criticizing others. |
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With judgment like that, would you trust any of these gentry to put a roof on your garden shed? |
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County government was in the hands of 3,000 or so prominent gentry in the early seventeenth century. |
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The maternal side were minor landed gentry from Lorraine with a tincture of Norman blood. |
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George Washington was a scion and leader of Virginia's landed, slaveowning gentry. |
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Not that the landed gentry would be caught dead with a Bristol glass full of backstreet gin on their persons. |
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These are the people who make up the country, in his eyes, not the scheming gentry and generals who composed bourgeois nationalist parties. |
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This profession scandalizes her mother, a member of the local gentry, a class slightly above that of most of the people Enid cares for. |
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In Elizabethan times the roots were dried and crushed and the powder was mixed with water and used to stiffen the ruffs worn by the gentry. |
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An egalitarian peasant, exhilarated and probably drunk, grabs the hand of a girl from the visiting gentry, to drag her into the round dance. |
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Dukes, duchesses, and barons made up the nobility, while the gentry consisted of knights and lords. |
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In the beginning they came from the leisured class of doctors, clergymen, and the landed gentry. |
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She's a keen rambler, not always a fan of the landed gentry, but this Duke was different. |
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For the landed gentry, it was usually a snack to tide you over between luncheon and a late dinner. |
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He has buried landed gentry as well as people whom he describes as being less well off. |
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An awful lot of landed gentry are going to end up in the docks for cultivation of a Class A drug on their land. |
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Mainly, the landed gentry did not want a messy, noisy railway anywhere near them. |
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The hunt once the exclusive sport of the landed gentry has in recent decades seen a change. |
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Still, that must be better than causing an uproar by taking the landed gentry by surprise? |
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His portraits already included classical allusions which gained him many patrons among the grand tourist gentry. |
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Hoyle's rebellions were revolts of the commons, taken over and defused by the gentry and nobility. |
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The prestige of the gentry remained high, since they often owned the advowson and had a cousin or an uncle in the rectory as well. |
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Now, when I say fox hunting I mean the pack hounds and mounted gentry type of hunt. |
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It was reserved expressly for the gentry of Douglas, whoever they were. |
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Under a further Statute of 1 January 1864, zemstvos or local government assemblies were elected at district and province level, essentially by the landed gentry. |
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We well know the small influence these gentry exert upon our society, and how the technicians of every order distrust them and rightly refuse to take their reveries seriously. |
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Towering over the viewer, it is an imposing icon, with a size and status which at the time would have been customary for portraits of the aristocracy or gentry. |
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But the new rich, particularly the young, tend to be more progressive, or at least gentry liberal. |
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In the past, the country manor house welcomed gentry for deer hunting. |
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The urban gentry and intelligentsia, though, disdained this voluntary migration. |
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Among thirty-eight or so individuals with whom he had direct dealings are included a member of the local gentry, merchants, factors, victuallers and master mariners. |
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These women of the Third Estate, unlike the gentry occasionally portrayed in a domestic setting by Boucher and Fragonard, had few servants and large families. |
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The difficulty both for contemporaries and for historians has been to find a term suitable for describing landowners below the ranks of the gentry. |
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After the sixteenth century, the tsar's court, the gentry, and wealthy merchants supported metalworking, jewelry, textile, and porcelain workshops. |
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Historically, public service was the honourable vocation of the nobility and gentry, whose younger sons went into the army, the Church or the law. |
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Certainly in the thirteenth century possession of a private chapel was a status symbol, though lesser gentry families might well receive this privilege. |
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Scottish Roots usually has about 20 clients at any given time waiting in a queue to discover whether they come from peasant stock or the landed gentry. |
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The gentry at the high table are sober and attentive as they listen, wine-glasses suspended, to a probably demure anecdote told by one of their number. |
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But times have changed and the chatelaine, Lucinda Shaw Stewart, has diversified into other businesses, like so many other members of the landed gentry. |
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They're populated by gentry, religious, working people, strangers, supernaturals, and an occasional chieftain, and at some point, everyone dances. |
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One of the gentry he used to ferry about, a decent cove who always treated him civilly, writes letters and the sentence is commuted to transportation. |
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Neither working class nor gentry, the family was passably well to do, passably well educated, and, I suppose, somewhere in the lower middle of middle class. |
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Municipal reform might well replace a patrician oligarchy of local gentry and merchants, weakening collective action and undermining the corporate, civic culture. |
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The clerks, who prepared legal documents, registered deeds, and issued licences, were commoners who did not own property, hold degrees, or belong to the elite gentry families. |
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Sons of peers and members of the gentry dominated the House of Commons, although there was a significant smattering of representatives from the armed forces and professions. |
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Over time the issue was complicated by the idea of the gentleman, a social construct which could incorporate all members of the peerage and gentry. |
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In Parliament the House of Lords was dominated by the landed aristocracy, and the landed gentry, often related to the peerage, held sway in the House of Commons. |
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For recreation he played the violin, read widely, painted, dined with the local gentry, and, it seems, indulged his considerable interest in women. |
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It was also a class-bound, inegalitarian society, dominated by a numerous gentry, where over half the arable land belonged to some 10,000 landowners. |
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Kinship is reckoned bilaterally, including consanguineal and affineal relations, although among the gentry recorded genealogies usually stressed the paternal. |
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Particularly valuable is his discussion of the lasting power exercised, both in partisan politics and in self-perpetuated county courts, by the landholding gentry. |
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These officials and the circle of provincial gentry within which they moved had a vested interest in preserving a premodern, landed order tied to the British empire. |
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A mere gentlewoman would be the wife or daughter of one of the gentry. |
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There are even cellars, stables and a coach house, a hint to its previous life as a home for landed gentry, before the property was surrounded by a modern housing estate. |
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The area became very popular with the landed gentry and a number of substantial houses were built, including Foots Cray Place, Sidcup Place and Lamorbey. |
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The survival of the old elites extended to the gentry and petty nobility. |
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Hundreds of thousands of people who would never consider themselves rich find they may be at risk from a tax they once associated with the landed gentry. |
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The same seems clearly true of the conception of pedigree that came to loom so large in the social thinking of the gentry of the late medieval and early modern ages. |
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The heritage publishing specialist is also changing the way it chooses entries to reflect that the celebrities are now more likely to be role models than the landed gentry. |
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The Maypole was traditionally given to the community by the local gentry. |
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In fact, as a baby, he was discovered in a Gladstone bag in the left luggage office at Victoria station and adopted by a kindly couple from the landed gentry. |
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She was expensively educated, rumoured to be of the landed gentry. |
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Much as in England, Wales, and Scotland, the franchise was always limited to the property owning classes, which favoured the landed gentry. |
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Now, the nobility and newly established loyalist gentry could exercise their rights and privileges with more vigour. |
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This would have upset the gentry, who regarded the common law as reinforcing their status and property rights. |
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Many Cornish landed gentry chose mottos in the Cornish language for their coat of arms, highlighting its socially high status. |
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The Chinese gentry, so far as they still existed, preferred to work with him rather than with the feudalist Huns. |
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The landless younger sons of the gentry often entered the military as the only way to make a living. |
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They did not cope well with increasing volumes of cargo, and they were perceived as monopolistic, and the preserve of the landed gentry class. |
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Local gentry and charitable organisations provided relief but could do little to prevent the ensuing mortality. |
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Contacts with England led to a conscious attempt to improve agriculture among the gentry and nobility. |
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In 1649 Cromwell married Dorothy Maijor, daughter of Richard Maijor, a member of the Hampshire gentry. |
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The programme was designed primarily to create a landed gentry beholden to the crown, which would use the lands much more efficiently. |
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Cromwell's father Robert was of modest means but still a part of the gentry class. |
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Local gentry saw the office as one of local influence and prestige and were therefore willing to serve. |
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The uprising was suppressed but conflict remained between villagers, gentry and aristocracy. |
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A delegation of Norman gentry boldly requesting in 1771 the calling of the Normandy estates was despatched prestissimo to the Bastille. |
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However it did have a royal governor appointed by the king, as well as a powerful landed gentry. |
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Ivan bypassed the Mestnichestvo system and offered positions of power to his supporters among the minor gentry. |
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Guangqi's branch of the Xus were not related to those who had passed the imperial examinations and joined Shanghai's local gentry. |
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They belong to the upper class, and in the British class system are considered part of the gentry. |
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Over time, he bought several manors at Congham, Westacre and Happisburgh and was granted a coat of arms, becoming a minor member of the gentry. |
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Although Charles and Mary Blackstone were members of the middle class rather than landed gentry, they were particularly prosperous. |
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On 5 May 1761 he married Sarah Clitherow, a member of a family of lesser gentry from Middlesex. |
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The peerage has traditionally been associated with high gentry, the British nobility, and in recent times, the Conservative Party. |
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In 1825 his promotion of the new Zoological Society courted the landed gentry and alienated expert zoologists. |
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Moreover, popular revolts almost always failed unless they had the support and patronage of the noble or gentry classes. |
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The local Parliamentarian gentry led by Sir Richard Onslow were able to secure the county without difficulty on the outbreak of war. |
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Female members of the gentry writing in dialect at this time included Susanna Blamire and her companion Catherine Gilpin. |
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The exclusion of anoblis and the presence of large numbers of country gentry gave the meetings a very provincial and at time yokelish ethos. |
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In Greater Poland the middle class and part of the local gentry clung pertinaciously to Lutheranism. |
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In the reign of Henry VIII surnames became hereditary amongst the Welsh gentry, and the custom spread slowly amongst commoners. |
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A few other minor Welsh nobles submitted in time to retain their lands, but became little more than gentry. |
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This concept was where all clansmen recognised the personal authority of the chiefs and leading gentry as trustees for their clan. |
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Some of the Welsh gentry continued to patronise bards, but this practice was gradually dying out. |
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The school was set up as an episcopal foundation to spread the ideas of Anglicanism in Scotland, and to educate the sons of the gentry. |
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Cromwell was born into the middle gentry, albeit to a family descended from the sister of King Henry VIII's minister Thomas Cromwell. |
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However, over 110 of its 140 members were lesser gentry or of higher social status. |
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Barebone's Parliament was opposed by former Rumpers and ridiculed by many gentry as being an assembly of 'inferior' people. |
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They were married next New Year's Day, and Ellison had begun to think himself a gey man in Kinraddie, and maybe one of the gentry. |
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The Newton Rebellion was one of the last times that the peasantry of England and the gentry were in open armed conflict. |
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You said I wasn't to use cant around a gentry mort, and here she's using it more than me. |
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A result of this was that the gentry as a group became highly disliked by commoners. |
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The nabobs, in some cases, even managed to wrest control of boroughs from the nobility and the gentry. |
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Half of the six and seven-year-olds dressed up as gentry, while the rest of the youngsters took on the persona of chimney sweeps and pickpockets. |
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Most patrons were noblemen or landed gentry who could use their local influence, prestige, and wealth to sway the voters. |
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The gentry took advantage of their new positions and a more systematic corruption than before spread. |
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He was a Whig from the gentry class, who was first elected to Parliament in 1701, and held many senior positions. |
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Most Rumpers were gentry, though there was a higher proportion of lesser gentry and lawyers than in previous parliaments. |
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Huge amounts of church land and property passed into the hands of the Crown and ultimately into those of the nobility and gentry. |
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The aristocracy and landed gentry, with their ironclad control over land rights, dominated hunting, shooting, fishing and horse racing. |
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In England, the game was developing into a very popular activity for members of the gentry. |
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Some fine gun dogs will show off genetic skills that both the old Irish gentry and the Duke of Gordon would be proud of. |
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The highest percentage of subscribers were often landed proprietors, gentry, and old professions. |
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No doubt his wide circle of friends and patrons among the nobility and gentry were able to ensure that he escaped more severe penalties. |
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The Austens did not socialise with gentry and entertained only when family visited. |
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Despite this, the Pearl Poet must have been educated and probably of a certain social standing, perhaps a member of a family of landed gentry. |
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The higher wages for workers combined with sinking prices on grain products led to a problematic economic situation for the gentry. |
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Some scholarship has argued to assign the poem to one John Massey, a member of the landed gentry from Cheshire. |
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British society is divided into nobility, gentry, and yeomanry, and families are either noble, gentle, or simple. |
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He made friends with the local gentry, such as Sir Ralph Horsey of Clifton Maybank and Charles Thynne of Longleat. |
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Most of the British gentry, he argues is at one time or another inextricably linked with the institution of trade, either through personal experience, marriage, or genealogy. |
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He rocks it up for the narrative Ain't No Way To Behave and the deliciously acerbic Pampered Pop Star Millionaire Miserabilist Blues in which he takes a pop at rock's gentry. |
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Society was still ruled by the aristocracy and the gentry, which controlled high government offices, both houses of Parliament, the church, and the military. |
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The potato was introduced to Ireland as a garden crop of the gentry. |
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Nevertheless, inside the party there was attention between the growing numbers of wealthy businessmen on the one side, and the aristocracy and rural gentry on the other. |
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When they publicly bet a large sum on their favorite horse, it told the world that competitiveness, individualism, and materialism where the core elements of gentry values. |
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They were notable events on the social calendar among London's gentry. |
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It was spoken in the law courts, schools, and universities and, in due course, in at least some sections of the gentry and the growing bourgeoisie. |
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These measures were not unpopular with the Welsh gentry in particular, who recognised that they would give them equality under law with English citizens. |
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But Montfort's decision to summon knights of the shires and burgesses to his parliament did mark the irreversible emergence of the landed gentry as a force in politics. |
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Society was still ruled by the aristocracy and the gentry, who controlled high government offices, both houses of Parliament, the church, and the military. |
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High taxes, mainly to pay the Army, were resented by the gentry. |
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After the Union of the Crowns in 1603 the Scots speaking gentry had increasing contact with English speakers and began to remodel their speech on that of their English peers. |
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The governmental attacks on recusancy were mostly upon the gentry. |
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The opposing Tory position was held by the other great families, the Church of England, most of the landed gentry, and officers of the army and the navy. |
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In the 18th century 'polite society' now considered Scots as 'provincial and unrefined' and much of the gentry endeavoured to rid itself of the former national tongue. |
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In her formulation, the primary focus of identity resided in affinal networks of patronage binding the gentry to the principal nobles of the county. |
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This was an effort to curb monopolization of power by landholding gentry who came from the most prosperous regions, where education was the most advanced. |
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Elizabeth's father, Sir James Bourchier, was a London leather merchant who owned extensive lands in Essex and had strong connections with Puritan gentry families there. |
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In April 1707, he travelled to London to attend celebrations at the royal court, and was greeted by groups of noblemen and gentry lined along the road. |
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European ranks of nobility lower than baron or its equivalent, are commonly referred to as the petty nobility, although baronets of the British Isles are deemed titled gentry. |
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With no television for entertainment and without servants for the afternoon, the gentry would play parlour games such as charades and blind man's buff. |
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Little is known of the identities of the men who served on the Mary Rose, even when it comes to the names of the officers, who would have belonged to the gentry. |
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James Atherton and William Rowson developed the resort of New Brighton, and new estates for the gentry were also built at Egremont, Oxton, Claughton and Rock Ferry. |
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In terms of social structure, the Industrial Revolution witnessed the triumph of a middle class of industrialists and businessmen over a landed class of nobility and gentry. |
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The Nairs formed the rulers, warriors and landed gentry of Kozhikode. |
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Horse racing was especially important for knitting together the gentry. |
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Holt that the Robin Hood legend was cultivated in the households of the gentry, and that it would be mistaken to see in him a figure of peasant revolt. |
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William Arnold was related to the Arnold family of gentry from Lowestoft. |
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The gentry has indeed come to be looked at enviously by very many aspiring failingly for a life of pomp and show that the eminences of this opulent glitterati put on display. |
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The local gentry controlled the budget, rather than the clergy. |
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In 1871, the building was taken over by the East Devon and Teignmouth Club which had an exclusive membership taken from the gentry and professional middle class. |
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An effect of this language clause was to lay the foundation for creating a thoroughly Anglicised ruling class of landed gentry in Wales, which would have many consequences. |
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Hughes later set up a colony in America for the younger sons of the English gentry, who could not inherit under the laws of primogeniture, naming the town Rugby. |
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