| The cells are doped with N type dopants by using the photo-resist regions as masks. |
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| Essentially, the losses introduced by the microstructure should not exceed the reduction in loss we achieve by eliminating dopants and therefore reducing material scattering. |
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| The new materials include dielectrics and dopants, which are commonly used in high-volume semiconductor manufacturing. |
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| For metal dopants, the surfactant can be removed by calcining the greenbody, resulting in an anchored metal silicate. |
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| We have established that there are a number of traps in polycrystalline CdSe, and now we are investigating the effect of dopants on the energy and density of these traps. |
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