The civil rights movement fought against practices that segregated blacks and whites. |
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Norway uses a civil law system where laws are created and amended in Parliament and the system regulated through the Courts of justice of Norway. |
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For example, Oxford, whilst entirely unparished in 1974, now has four civil parishes, which together cover part of its area. |
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Every civil parish has a parish meeting, which all the electors of the parish are entitled to attend. |
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A civil parish may have a parish council which exercises various local responsibilities prescribed by statute. |
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A parish council is a civil local authority found in England and is the lowest, or first, tier of local government. |
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The government chose the civil parish as the basic unit of local government in rural areas. |
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Each parish council's area of responsibility was a geographical area known as a civil parish. |
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The civil parishes were also grouped to form rural districts, which became the geographical areas of rural district councils. |
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A provision of this Act is that is that civil parishes may now be established in the London boroughs. |
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In May 2012 residents of the ward voted in favour of the establishment of a Queen's Park civil parish and parish council. |
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It is one of several hamlets making up the civil parish of Ospringe and is in the Borough of Swale. |
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The civil servants in the Home Office were minded to refuse both applications. |
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The grant was specifically awarded to the relevant local government area such as a civil parish or borough. |
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Thc City of Leeds is divided into 31 civil parishes and a single unparished area. |
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Outside the unparished area there are 31 civil parishes, represented by parish councils. |
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The councils of the civil parishes of Horsforth, Morley, Otley and Wetherby are town councils. |
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The civil parish of Wells is entirely surrounded by the parish of St Cuthbert Out. |
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The civil parish is divided into four wards called Ely North, Ely South, Ely East and Ely West. |
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While military fighters require very high speeds, many civil airplanes do not. |
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Yet, civil aircraft designers wanted to benefit from the high power and low maintenance that a gas turbine engine offered. |
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British Aerospace was a civil and military aircraft manufacturer, as well as a provider of military land systems. |
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Henry Marc followed his father and grandfather in becoming a successful civil engineer. |
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Previous experience with civil engineers set Stephenson against allowing Vignoles to continue his survey and he resigned. |
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He maintained his interest in civil engineering and was a consultant on several significant projects. |
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In 1919 he left the civil service to become director of the London School of Economics and Political Science. |
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Previous CIO Richard Granger was believed to have been the most highly paid civil servant in the UK and was a controversial figure. |
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One reason is the strength of the whip system, political parties and the civil service, in comparison to individual politicians. |
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Written answers, which are usually more specific and detailed than oral questions are usually written by a civil servant. |
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Annulments by the ecclesiastical and civil courts are unrelated and are not necessarily mutually endorsed. |
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These men rose to prominence through military ranks, and became emperors through civil wars. |
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An ethnic civil war in 1971 resulted in the secession of East Pakistan as the new country of Bangladesh. |
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However, in West Pakistan the conflict was described as a civil war as opposed to a war of liberation. |
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The partition was annulled in 1911 after a long civil disobedience campaign by the Congress. |
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A massive civil disobedience movement erupted across East Pakistan, with open calls for independence. |
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Many civil rights activists of various types were also seen as pushing a communist agenda of equality. |
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The Home Office is headed by the Home Secretary, a Cabinet minister supported by the department's senior civil servant, the Permanent Secretary. |
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It is often organized and operated to be a deliberate model of the civil community in which it functions. |
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Research also shows that remittances can lower the risk of civil war in the country of origin. |
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In its own field it gives force to civil law only by specific enactment in matters such as the guardianship of minors. |
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Similarly, civil law may give force in its field to canon law, but only by specific enactment, as with regard to canonical marriages. |
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She studied arithmetic, canon and civil law, classical literature, genealogy and heraldry, history, philosophy, religion, and theology. |
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The disasters of civil war were still fresh in living memory from the Wars of the Roses. |
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The Nonconformist cause was linked closely to the Whigs, who advocated civil and religious liberty. |
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In Cumbria, the civil parish and hamlet of Holme St Cuthbert are named after him, as is the parish church. |
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He did not, however, study canon or civil law at this time and his Latin skill always remained somewhat rudimentary. |
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A Sikh couple that wishes to divorce may be able to do so in a civil court. |
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Later, the main duty of universities in most Protestant countries was the training of future civil servants. |
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Again, it was not in the interest of the state to charge tuition fees, as this would have decreased the quality of civil servants. |
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There is hardly a district to which we might expect a Roman official to be sent, on service either civil or military, where we do not find roads. |
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Six years later there was again civil unrest, and Richard spent Christmas in the security of the Tower rather than Windsor as was more usual. |
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The popularity of the Chartist movement between 1828 and 1858 led to a desire to refortify the Tower of London in the event of civil unrest. |
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The civil war and the years of the Interregnum had caused extensive damage to the royal palaces in England. |
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Dunvallo's sons, Belinus and Brennius, fight a civil war before being reconciled, and proceed to sack Rome. |
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The movement strove to put women under the protective mantle of civil rights laws. |
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Now, after a protracted civil war and the establishment of multiparty democracy, the mapiko tradition is thriving in freestyle mode. |
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The authority of the pater familias was unlimited, be it in civil rights as well as in criminal law. |
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Caesar wrote commentaries on the Gallic and civil wars in a straightforward style to justify his actions as a general. |
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He also worked as a courtier, a diplomat, and a civil servant, as well as working for the king from 1389 to 1391 as Clerk of the King's Works. |
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The bloodbath and consequent civil war swiftly take Macbeth and Lady Macbeth into the realms of madness and death. |
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During his travels, Bacon studied language, statecraft, and civil law while performing routine diplomatic tasks. |
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So, in order to avoid it, people accede to a social contract and establish a civil society. |
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According to Hobbes, the sovereign must control civil, military, judicial and ecclesiastical powers, even the words. |
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Because laws represent the restraints of civil freedom, they represent the leap made from humans in the state of nature into civil society. |
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Burke claimed that Bolingbroke's arguments against revealed religion could apply to all social and civil institutions as well. |
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Burke appealed for peace as preferable to civil war and reminded the House of America's growing population, its industry, and its wealth. |
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Burke's religious thought was grounded in the belief that religion is the foundation of civil society. |
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In 1689 the Bill of Rights grants 'freedom of speech in Parliament', which lays out some of the earliest civil rights. |
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In 2008, John stated he preferred civil partnerships over marriage for gay people. |
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In 2013, he protested against what he perceived were civil liberties violations by the UK Government. |
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However, in the United Kingdom, trespass is a largely civil matter when performed accidentally. |
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Huddersfield was a centre of civil unrest during the Industrial Revolution. |
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It can be traced back to 1823 when it was created as a signal flag, never intended as a civil jack. |
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A book Many civil vessels continue to fly the white bordered Union Flag without official opposition, making it the de facto Civil Jack. |
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In England, Northern Ireland and Wales the use of arms is a matter of civil law and regulated by the College of Arms and the Court of Chivalry. |
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It was planned that the capital city would be changed to the more centrally located Ramciel in the future before civil war broke out. |
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Due to the many years of the civil war, South Sudan's culture is heavily influenced by its neighbours. |
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The Danish Supreme Court is the highest civil and criminal court responsible for the administration of justice in the Kingdom. |
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All civil aviation matters are controlled from the Civil Aviation Administration Denmark. |
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All civil aviation matters are handled by the Civil Aviation Administration Denmark. |
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The primary pillars of government are the Executive Council, Legislative Council, civil service and Judiciary. |
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The Basic Law of Hong Kong protects all civilians and civil affairs against any interference by the garrison. |
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They are not civil servants, although they enjoy similar terms and conditions of service to members of the UK Civil Service. |
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The civil service of Ireland consists of two broad components, the Civil Service of the Government and the Civil Service of the State. |
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The Council is supported by a standing joint secretariat, consisting of members of the civil services of both Northern Ireland and the Republic. |
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The staff comprise a mix of grades from senior civil servants to administrative support grades. |
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It also performs well in several national performance metrics, including freedom of the press, economic freedom and civil liberties. |
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The force is responsible for all aspects of civil policing, both in terms of territory and infrastructure. |
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However, the Isle of Man tourism board tasked someone from their team to nominate 27 places on the island as a civil task. |
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In civil cases where the Crown is a party, it is a customary to list the appropriate government Minister as the party instead. |
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The Crown can also be a plaintiff or defendant in civil actions to which the government of the Commonwealth realm in question is a party. |
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The requirements for naturalisation as a British citizen depend on whether or not one is the spouse or civil partner of a British citizen. |
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In the modern era, the concept of full citizenship encompasses not only active political rights, but full civil rights and social rights. |
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The means can extend from peaceful demonstrations, like in the case of the Indian independence movement, to a violent civil war. |
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If Margaret had contracted a civil marriage, she would have been expected to renounce her right of succession. |
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The Bailiff of Guernsey is the civil head, and presiding officer of the States of Guernsey, but not of Alderney or Sark. |
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In this work, the OECD cooperates with businesses, with trade unions and with other representatives of civil society. |
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The OECD has been criticised by several civil society groups and developing countries. |
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The civil wars gained impetus with the sudden death of Henry II in 1559, which began a prolonged period of weakness for the French crown. |
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However, in the 1640s, the Ulster Plantation was thrown into turmoil by civil wars that raged in Ireland, England and Scotland. |
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Failure to take the oath meant possible imprisonment, denial of civil liberties, banishment and in some instances, death. |
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The civil airline industry is entirely privately owned and has been largely deregulated since 1978, while most major airports are publicly owned. |
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These in their turn were supervised by provincial civil courts of appeal constituted for such purpose, each consisting of four British judges. |
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During the 1640s, England endured a civil war that pitted King Charles I and the Royalists against the Parliamentarians. |
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The new Act also made it easier for Indians to be admitted into the civil service and the army officer corps. |
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For example, Disraeli made political appointments to positions previously given to career civil servants. |
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The reason for this antigolf legislation was that it was interfering with the regular archery practice needed for civil defense. |
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The farmer's field was a civil war battleground, and relics such a minnie bullets were frequently found while plowing. |
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Church and state are completely separate but all clergy can be licensed as civil celebrants for legal purposes. |
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We now had no alternative but to resort to civil disobedience, and we embarked in earnest on preparations for mass action. |
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Large arrears of pay were due to the civil and military servants of the crown. |
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For they had no civil magistrate which might correct and reform those declinings when they happened. |
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So the question that is commonly asked is, why put a media incubator in a media desert and have it managed by a civil servant? |
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He... distributed the civil and military dignities among his favourites and followers. |
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As civil war continues in Iraq, the U.S. president's approval ratings are in freefall. |
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The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom is the highest court for criminal and civil cases in England and Wales. |
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After the defeat of the Soviets in 1989, civil war, state collapse and Taliban victory followed. The Afghan people have seen this movie already. |
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The chief courts are the Court of Session, for civil cases, and the High Court of Justiciary, for criminal cases. |
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The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom serves as the highest court of appeal for civil cases under Scots law. |
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The Romans used a consolidated scheme for city planning, developed for military defense and civil convenience. |
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Its engines power more than 30 types of commercial aircraft and it has more than 30,000 engines in service in the civil and defence sectors. |
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The sheriff court is the main criminal and civil court, hearing most cases. |
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The Church of Ireland remains divided, but one senior cleric has entered into a civil partnership. |
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English law is the common law legal system governing England and Wales, comprising criminal law and civil law. |
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A decision of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom, the highest civil appeal court of the United Kingdom, is binding on every other court. |
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Today, one third of the world's population live in common law jurisdictions or in systems mixed with civil law. |
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In civil law systems, individual decisions have only advisory, not binding effect. |
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The state of New York, which also has a civil law history from its Dutch colonial days, began a codification of its law in the 19th century. |
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The only part of this codification process that was considered complete is known as the Field Code applying to civil procedure. |
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The codification of a law of general obligations shows how remnants of the civil law tradition in New York continued on from the Dutch days. |
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California and a number of other Western states, however, have retained the concept of community property derived from civil law. |
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In Goa, a Portuguese uniform civil code is in place, in which all religions have a common law regarding marriages, divorces and adoption. |
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The main alternative to the common law system is the civil law system, which is used in Continental Europe, and most of the rest of the world. |
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This brought in a distinctly common law principle into an essentially civil law jurisdiction. |
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Eventually the two houses fought for the throne of England in a series of civil wars, commonly known as the Wars of the Roses. |
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From the reign of King James I a legal profession began to develop and the administration of criminal and civil justice was centralised. |
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The regional civil and military administration were combined in the hands of a general, or strategos. |
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Instead, he will cover the period from the civil wars of the Year of Four Emperors and end with the despotism of the Flavians. |
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The period of civil unrest that followed until the end of the 19th century is referred to as the Land War. |
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During its first decade, the newly formed Irish Free State was governed by the victors of the civil war. |
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Owing to the civil unrest during the Troubles, the British government suspended home rule in 1972 and imposed direct rule. |
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Pompey's death did not end the civil war, as Caesar's many enemies fought on. |
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However, civil war flared again when the Second Triumvirate of Octavian, Lepidus and Mark Antony failed. |
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The second is the civil war, which plagued the Roman Republic in its final century. |
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During the civil war that followed, as many as a thousand ships were either constructed or pressed into service from Greek cities. |
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During the civil war, Caesar made use of a kind of boat he had seen used in Britain, similar to the Irish currach or Welsh coracle. |
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Modern historians have used this to determine the nature of his politics and of the aborted chapters of his civil war history. |
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As civil war raged in Rome, weak governors were unable to control the legions in Britain, and Venutius of the Brigantes seized his chance. |
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The death of Commodus put into motion a series of events which eventually led to civil war. |
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Although the provisions pertain to all areas of law, the largest part is dedicated to private law and civil procedure. |
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Thus, over the course of time, parallel to the civil law and supplementing and correcting it, a new body of praetoric law emerged. |
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Ultimately, civil law and praetoric law were fused in the Corpus Juris Civilis. |
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Thus, Roman law is often still a mandatory subject for law students in civil law jurisdictions. |
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The government was restructured and civil and military authority separated. |
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Eugenius made some modest attempts to win pagan support, and with Arbogast led a large army to fight another destructive civil war. |
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For the most part, Roman cities had a civil guard used for maintaining the peace. |
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This civil guard created a limited strategic reserve, one that fared poorly in actual warfare. |
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Most major advancements in knowledge and technique came from the military rather than civil practice. |
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With civil war looming, the magnates of the realm met in council to hammer out a compromise. |
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The Danes used the civil turmoil as an opportunity to capture York, which they sacked and burned. |
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In the aftermath of Sweden's secession from the Kalmar Union, civil war broke out in Denmark and Norway. |
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As of January 1, 2017 the Church of Norway is a separate legal entity and no longer a branch of the civil service. |
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Below the district level, a district may be divided into several civil parishes. |
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Both sides were concerned that a civil war would leave the country open to foreign invasion. |
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Stephen's contested accession initiated the widespread civil unrest later called the Anarchy. |
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Henry intervened once again in 1149, commencing what is often termed the Henrician phase of the civil war. |
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By the late 1140s the active phase of the civil war was over, barring the occasional outbreak of fighting. |
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Nonetheless, Henry inherited a difficult situation in England, as the kingdom had suffered extensively during the civil war. |
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In 1156, Brittany was hit by civil unrest when Bertha died, ending in Conan IV's accession. |
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Henry of Almain would remain a close companion of the prince, both through the civil war that followed, and later during the crusade. |
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As the King left the country with a greatly reduced force, the kingdom seemed to be on the verge of civil war. |
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He had substantial support though from Guala, who intended to win the civil war for Henry and punish the rebels. |
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Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd had usurped the crown from his siblings in a debilitating civil war within Gwynedd. |
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From his attempts upon the civil power, he proceeds to innovate God's worship. |
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By 1410, both sides were bidding for the help of English forces in a civil war. |
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The relatively small First Battle of St Albans was the first open conflict of the civil war. |
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The rules of military engagement changed as civil war succeeded overseas campaigns. |
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During the 15th century civil war raged across England as the Houses of York and Lancaster fought each other for the English throne. |
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Royal Supremacy is specifically used to describe the legal sovereignty of the civil laws over the laws of the Church in England. |
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By 2010, the General Synod voted in favour of extending pensions and other employee rights to clergy in civil unions. |
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The church had decided in 2013 that gay clergy in civil partnerships could become bishops. |
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Outlaws also, though merely in civil cases, are intestable, in respect to their personal property, while their outlawry subsists. |
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They urged the queen to marry or nominate an heir, to prevent a civil war upon her death. |
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In 1569, Raleigh left for France to serve with the Huguenots in the French religious civil wars. |
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He allowed Muslims to serve in the military and civil service on theoretically equal terms and allowed them to migrate to France. |
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In 1882, ongoing civil disturbances in Egypt prompted Britain to intervene, extending a hand to France. |
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Ordinary people took advantage of the dislocation of civil society during the 1640s to derive advantages for themselves. |
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This forced members of the House of Commons and the Lords, such as Manchester, to choose between civil office and military command. |
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Generally there was a great fear that the situation might deteriorate into a civil war. |
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The Bill of Rights is an Act of the Parliament of England that deals with constitutional matters and sets out certain basic civil rights. |
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The people thus incited, De Witt and his brother, Cornelis, were brutally murdered by an Orangist civil militia in The Hague on 20 August. |
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Rousseau said that people join into civil society via the social contract to achieve unity while preserving individual freedom. |
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Scottish law, however, was entirely separate from English law, so the civil law courts, lawyers and jurists remained behind in Edinburgh. |
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He managed, however, to abolish 134 offices in the royal household and civil administration. |
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In 1931, the Cheshire civil parishes of Baguley, Northenden and Northen Etchells from the south of the River Mersey were added. |
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In addition, wild rumours and paranoia caused widespread unrest and civil disturbances that contributed to the collapse of law and order. |
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Some historians consider the total civil war to have lasted until 1796 with a toll of 170,000 or 450,000 lives. |
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The American War of Independence was the culmination of the civil and political American Revolution resulting from the American Enlightenment. |
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When civil war broke out in Spain, Hitler and Mussolini lent military support to the Nationalist rebels, led by General Francisco Franco. |
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Government leaders feared mass psychological trauma from aerial attack and a resulting collapse of civil society. |
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These attacks produced some breaks in morale, with civil leaders fleeing the cities before the offensive reached its height. |
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In addition, some civil bodies are organised throughout the islands as a whole. |
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Implementation of the Minister's decisions is carried out by a permanent politically neutral organisation known as the civil service. |
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Unlike some other democracies, senior civil servants remain in post upon a change of Government. |
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Administrative management of the Department is led by a head civil servant known in most Departments as a Permanent Secretary. |
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Welsh law continued to be used for civil cases until the annexation of Wales to England in the 16th century. |
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However he rightly predicted that the nation did not want another civil war. |
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It also takes a progressive approach to social policies such as civil liberties, animal rights, LGBT rights and drug policy reform. |
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In the civil law tradition, the legislative body agrees a priori on the general principles to be followed. |
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They are the primary criminal patrol and first responder agency in all matters criminal and civil. |
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Orleans Parish divided Sheriff's duties between criminal and civil, with a different elected sheriff overseeing each aspect. |
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The County Court is a statutory court with a purely civil jurisdiction, sitting in 92 different towns and cities across England and Wales. |
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This additional control mechanism is not present with civil appeals and means that far fewer criminal appeals are heard by the Supreme Court. |
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Section 221 of the Local Government Act 1972 abolished the borough civil courts listed in Schedule 28 to that Act. |
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The two major legal traditions of the western world are the civil law courts and the common law courts. |
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In most civil law jurisdictions, courts function under an inquisitorial system. |
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In civil law and pluralist systems, as under Scots law, precedent is not binding but case law is taken into account by the courts. |
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The different roles of case law in civil law and common law traditions create differences in the way that courts render decisions. |
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By contrast, decisions in civil law jurisdictions are generally very short, referring only to statutes. |
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In Sweden, for instance, case law arguably plays a more important role than in some of the continental civil law systems. |
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Law professors in common law traditions play a much smaller role in developing case law than professors in civil law traditions. |
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Thus common law systems are adopting one of the approaches long common in civil law jurisdictions. |
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Criminal appeals are heard in its Criminal Division, and civil appeals in the Civil Division. |
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The Turks also had difficulties, losing control of Jerusalem to the Fatimids of Egypt and suffering from a series of internal civil wars. |
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The reigns of most of the Angevin monarchs were marred by civil strife and conflicts between the monarch and the nobility. |
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Soon afterwards, further disagreements plunged England into a civil war known as the First Barons' War. |
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The lack of clear leadership led to civil and military unrest, and for a popular desire to restore the monarchy. |
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A civil parish can range in size from a large town with a population of around 80,000 to a single village with fewer than a hundred inhabitants. |
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Reflecting this diverse nature, a civil parish may be known as a town, village, neighbourhood or community by resolution of its parish council. |
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On 1 April 2014, Queen's Park became the first civil parish in Greater London. |
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Large towns which had previously been split between civil parishes were, for the most part, eventually consolidated into one parish. |
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The persons most abhorrent from blood, and treason, and arbitrary confiscation, might remain silent spectators of this civil war between the vices. |
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In the Leviathan, Hobbes could only represent the pre-civil as the anti-civil, as that which lacked in every respect what was considered important in civil society. |
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It also introduced a system of open competition as the basis of recruitment for civil servants of the company and thus deprived the Directors of their patronage system. |
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The Irish cabinet concluded that such a withdrawal would lead to widescale civil war and a greater loss of life, which the Irish Army of 12,500 men could do little to prevent. |
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Quite naturally, if there are more ministers swarming the cabinet rooms and conference halls, then there will be a spate of civil servants beehiving the secretariat. |
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The breakaway republic is slowly establishing order and civil society. |
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How far have they come since Japan began carrying out affirmative action policies for the buraku four decades ago, mirroring the American civil rights movement? |
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Henry VII's largely peaceful reign ended decades of civil war and brought the peace and stability to England that art and commerce need to thrive. |
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She went into civil service because she wanted to help the people. |
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Paradise Lost is, among other things, a poem about civil war. |
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The wars were the outcome of tensions over religious and civil issues. |
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Since 1997 around 100 new civil parishes have been created, in some cases by splitting existing civil parishes, but mostly by creating new ones from unparished areas. |
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I never demagogued on our serious questions and stood for civil liberties. |
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He attempted to mediate between the army and civil society, and allowed a Parliament which contained a large number of disaffected Presbyterians and Royalists. |
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These diarized meditations of Maximilien Robespierre date from early June 1793, when the Revolution was confronted by armed conflict on every front and by raging civil war. |
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During the civil and military unrest that followed, George Monck, the Governor of Scotland, was concerned that the nation would descend into anarchy. |
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A civil parish can range in area from a small village or town ward to a large tract of mostly uninhabited moorland in the Cheviots, Pennines or Dartmoor. |
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An innocent spouse who lives in continence following divorce, or couples who live in continence following a civil divorce for a grave cause, do not sin. |
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Its engines power more than 30 types of commercial aircraft, and it has more 30,000 engines currently in service across both the civil and defence sectors. |
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They are elected corporate bodies, have variable tax raising powers, and are responsible for areas known as civil parishes, serving in total 16 million people. |
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This ended under Pope Clement VIII, who hesitantly accepted King Henry IV's 1598 Edict of Nantes, which granted civil and religious toleration to French Protestants. |
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Hume's essay Of the Original Contract argues that governments derived from consent are rarely seen, and civil government is grounded in a ruler's habitual authority and force. |
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In other words, only civil society were considered for Boyle's public. |
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It is responsible for fire fighting, as well as a range of civil defence scenarios including flood, natural disaster, and mass casualty management. |
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Scots law has a basis derived from Roman law, combining features of both uncodified civil law, dating back to the Corpus Juris Civilis, and common law with medieval sources. |
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Today, the requirements for naturalisation as a citizen of the United Kingdom depend on whether or not one is the spouse or civil partner of a citizen. |
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The court system is headed by the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom which is the highest court of appeal in the land for criminal and civil cases. |
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British Protestant missionaries who travelled around the globe often in advance of soldiers and civil servants spread the Anglican Communion to all continents. |
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Also constituted were Courts of circuit with appellate jurisdiction in criminal cases, which were usually presided over by the judges of the civil appellate courts. |
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Queen's Park is an area and civil parish of northwest London, located on the boundary between the London Borough of Brent and the City of Westminster. |
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The territory's police, firefighting and customs forces, as well as clerical officers across various government departments, make up the civil service. |
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In contrast, in civil law systems, case law only acquires weight when a long series of cases use consistent reasoning, called jurisprudence constante. |
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Moreover it is clear that in Cicero's time judication in civil as well as in criminal cases enhanced a man's dignity, which was dear to every upper-class Roman. |
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For that reason, statutes in civil law systems are more comprehensive, detailed, and continuously updated, covering all matters capable of being brought before a court. |
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Civil law lawyers consult case law to obtain their best prediction of how a court will rule, but comparatively, civil law judges are less bound to follow it. |
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George surrendered the Crown Estate to Parliamentary control in return for a civil list annuity for the support of his household and the expenses of civil government. |
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Mary Shelley's works often argue that cooperation and sympathy, particularly as practised by women in the family, were the ways to reform civil society. |
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Measures such as mass conscription, military reforms, and total war allowed France to defeat the coalition, despite the concurrent civil war in France. |
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The development of the code was a fundamental change in the nature of the civil law legal system with its stress on clearly written and accessible law. |
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Also in 1836, civil registration of births, deaths, and marriages was taken from the hands of local parish officials and given to local government registrars. |
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They invented and improved thousands of mechanical devices, and developed the science of civil engineering to build roadways, tunnels and bridges. |
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Henry David Thoreau's civil disobedience and Mahatma Gandhi's passive resistance were influenced and inspired by Shelley's nonviolence in protest and political action. |
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In speeches and press articles in this period, he forecast widespread unemployment in Britain and civil strife in India should independence be granted. |
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It was also thought the bombing of residential centres would cause a collapse of civilian will, which might lead to the collapse of production and civil life. |
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Under James IV the legal functions of the council were rationalised, with a royal Court of Session meeting daily in Edinburgh to deal with civil cases. |
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Apart from prosecuting criminal cases, lawyers of the Department of Justice act on behalf of the government in all civil and administrative lawsuits against the government. |
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The relocation of the government and the civil service was also planned but would only have occurred if necessary so as not to damage civilian morale. |
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It was developed in England during the first half of the 20th century and was introduced to the public in 1954 by Gerald Gardner, a retired British civil servant. |
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Thus, even though torture methods in Muscovy were on a similar level of harshness as Western European methods used, a more civil method was present. |
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The bill has created controversy amid civil society organizations. |
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By this time, internal tensions led to a series of civil wars, culminating with the assassination of Julius Caesar, which led to the transition from republic to empire. |
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In the 1st century BC at least twelve civil wars and rebellions occurred. |
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Caesar chose civil war over laying down his command and facing trial. |
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The years preceding the First World War were marked by worker strikes and civil unrest and saw many violent confrontations between civilians and the police and armed forces. |
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These Acts excluded Nonconformists from holding civil or military office or attending Oxford or Cambridge, compelling them to set up their own Dissenting Academies privately. |
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The civil war that followed destroyed what was left of the Republic. |
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The majority of the civil service staff in fact work in executive agencies, which are separate operational organisations reporting to Departments of State. |
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The House of Lords was replaced as the final court of appeal on civil cases within the United Kingdom on 1 October 2009, by the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. |
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Consuls had supreme power in both civil and military matters. |
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Praetors administered civil law and commanded provincial armies. |
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Over time, Roman architecture was modified as their urban requirements changed, and the civil engineering and building construction technology became developed and refined. |
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After the civil engineer looked over the site of the proposed road and determined roughly where it should go, the agrimensores went to work surveying the road bed. |
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The first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. |
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In 2015 through 2016 the Foreign Affairs Select Committee conducted an extensive and highly critical inquiry into the British involvement in the civil war. |
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The party supports constitutional and electoral reform, progressive taxation, environmentalism, human rights laws, banking reform and civil liberties. |
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This crisis, sometimes called the Barbarian Conspiracy or the Great Conspiracy, was settled by Count Theodosius with a string of military and civil reforms. |
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Recently, Bristol has also been confirmed as the centre for the development and testing of the civil RB282 engine, which will, however, be produced in Virginia. |
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Another is the legal system of civil law based on French, German, and Spanish legal codes and ultimately Roman law, as opposed to English common law. |
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The construction of the law means that hunt saboteurs' behaviour may result in charges of criminal aggravated trespass, rather than the less severe offence of civil trespass. |
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