How to use chromosomal in a sentence

Looking for sentences and phrases with the word chromosomal? Here are some examples.

Sentence Examples Cells containing any of these types of chromosomal alterations were considered aberrant cells. The number of cells with chromosomal aberrations among 100 well-spread metaphases was recorded. These tests score either chromosomal structural aberrations at metaphase or micronuclei at interphase. Although this assay is very sensitive for detecting chromosomal loss, it is unable to detect non-disjunction and chromosome gain. It was also possible that drugs used to stimulate ovaries could trigger chromosomal abnormalities. Ectopic crossing over causes chromosomal abnormalities, including deletions, translocations, and acentric and dicentric chromosomes. Here we present evidence that the chromosomal hypermutation is promoted by recombination. The gene content of chromosomal segments conditioning quantitative resistance to multiple pathogens was inspected. The risk of bearing a child with certain chromosomal birth defects increases as a woman ages. Open boxes indicate deleted regions, while shaded boxes indicate ambiguities about the actual chromosomal breakpoints. So it may be advisable for babies with this type of lymphatic malformation to have chromosomal analysis performed. Generation of entire chromosomal maps has been a central problem in genetics right from its early years. Lines below the chromosomal map indicate the deleted region with the arrow pointing in the direction of the deletion. Fetal cells contained in the amniotic fluid will be tested for Down syndrome and other chromosomal abnormalities. In these studies, the duplications are produced by transformation of the cloned DNA and its insertion into ectopic chromosomal locations. The most direct way to assess chromosomal aneuploidy is to evaluate chromosome numbers in metaphase cells. Cytogenetic damage, evaluated as chromosomal aberrations, has been successfully applied as a reliable biomarker for chronic health risk. The centromere is responsible for two key chromosomal functions in mitosis and meiosis. Recall that a twofold increase in secondary mutation frequency in recD was also seen for chromosomal loci. This cell line detects a wide variety of mutagenic lesions, including point mutations, deletions and various types of chromosomal aberrations. Show More Sentences Autosomal genes often showed deranged regulatory levels, indicating they were in pathways perturbed by X chromosomal changes. Moreover, the susceptibility to high recombination is preserved even if the specific region is translocated to a new chromosomal position. Oocytes and sperm are haploid, with one set of chromosomes, whereas somatic cells are diploid, with two chromosomal sets. The chromosomal location, patterns of genomic dispersion, and copy numbers of its tandemly arranged units varied between the species. In our experiments, we used three strains carrying chromosomal duplications with known endpoints. Women over 35 are more likely to have a child with a chromosomal abnormality, such as Down's syndrome. Cells from the baby found in the fluid are tested for chromosomal abnormalities such as Down's syndrome. Those chromosomal rearrangements that lead to the loss of an essential gene or DNA segment would make the cells inviable. No significant increase in cells with chromosomal aberrations, polyploidy or endoreduplication was observed at the concentrations analyzed. Basic questions such as the chromosomal evolution or the phylogeny of these living fossils are still unresolved. Anopheline mosquitoes, like Drosophila, are renowned for the presence of polytene chromosomes and chromosomal inversions. The risk of chromosomal abnormalities is very low for my age which is also a relief. We have been examining the potential use of oligonucleotides to direct nucleotide exchanges in episomal and chromosomal genes. As predicted by Jacobs as early as 1961, an increase in chromosomal instability is a cytogenetic feature of chronological ageing in humans. In fact, we did not find any informative marker in the three chromosomal divisions around the centromere of this chromosome. The results are discussed in relation to the chromosomal evolution of the genus. We find that full function of the endogenous rDNA locus depends not merely on the presence of the rDNA cistrons but also on chromosomal context. Conventional cytogenetics is a validated technique to study the acquired gross chromosomal aberrations associated with human cancer. On the basis of the distribution of paracentric inversions, Anopheles gambiae has been subdivided into five subspecific chromosomal forms. The blood test could identify certain chromosomal changes that guide physicians to prescribe certain anticancer drugs. Show More Sentences As in mammals, both chromosomal constitution and cell interactions are involved in the development of germ-cell sexual phenotype. Lack of extrusion of the palindrome may explain why it was not deleted from the chromosomal locus during growth of the recombinants. As reported previously, at each insertion site some chromosomal DNA was deleted, most likely in conjunction with the integration event. From 6 to 26 nucleotide repeats have been identified in the chromosomal ends of Protozoa, fungi, nematodes, plants, and vertebrates. Folate deficiency appears to facilitate genetic modification at a fragile chromosomal site. He refused to accept ideas associating the gene with a particular stretch of chromosomal material. Critical to this hypothesis is the identification of insulator or boundary elements that delimit chromosomal domains. The gel was stained with ethidium bromide to identify the chromosomal pattern specific for each strain. In the cell cycle, these two cytoskeletal structures drive chromosomal separation and cell division. Gross chromosomal disturbance would certainly seem likely to cause either cell death or conversion to a cancerous state. Biologic theorists believe chromosomal or nervous system disorders are the cause. However, the observed differences may be conditional on the chromosomal location of the chiasmata. She won the Nobel Prize in 1983 for her discovery of chromosomal instability 50 years ago. These effects include the induction of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchange. This major chromosomal abnormality is an effective marker for the detection of cancer cells. This hyper ploidism implicates the precocity of chromosomal duplication in the process of neoplastic transformation of the germinal cells. If this screening suggests that Down syndrome is possible, chromosomal studies can then be done, which can absolutely make the diagnosis. Furthermore, enzymes were used that lead to a significant increase in chromosomal changes. For the uniform chromosomal breakage scheme, the density function for selection of the breakpoint is uniform over the entire arm of the chromosome. It induced chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in a number of cell lines. Show More Sentences Other studies have linked exposure to these air pollutants and the resulting chromosomal damage with an increased risk of developing cancer. The tests employed were intended to detect effects at the level of DNA or chromosomal damage and repair. More generally, there is a need to discriminate between the effects of chromosomal rearrangements and linked genic incompatibilities in both plants and animals. Major chromosomal rearrangements are often found in transformed genomes, suggesting that T-DNA insertion either requires or causes genomic instability. The rapid detection of chromosomal mutations will increase a physician's ability to tailor treatment strategies to target individual cancers. In later studies, it was found that damaged chromosomal material from the father also causes Down syndrome. For example, when an estimated dose exceeds 100 mSv, collect blood samples for chromosomal analyses. Alien cytoplasms and chromosomes have been introduced into wheat by cytologically monitoring the chromosomal constitution of backcross progenies in interspecific hybrids. Dosage of tandemly repeated genes was involved in chromosomal size variation for PSA-2, mini-exon and rDNA genes. The older a pregnant woman is, the higher is her risk of carrying a child with a chromosomal anomaly. The static character types include additive, non-additive, and matrix, while unaligned sequence and chromosomal characters are referred to as dynamic homology characters. Like Down Syndrome, it is caused by a chromosomal abnormality and there is a wide variation in ability from person to person. The objective of this study was to determine the chromosomal constitution and sperm characteristics among Indian males with severe male factor infertility. This enzyme attaches methyl groups to histone proteins, which are part of the chromosomal packaging. Those TER sites were found to colocate with particular chromosomal features, including tRNAs and centromeres. A common type of chromosomal abnormality is called a trisomy. Cytogenetically, cell culture procedures and PGA fibrin scaffolds did not significantly alter chromosomal integrity of the chondrocyte genome. The egg, a totipotent cell from which the new organism will develop, thus contains the chromosomal stock which is characteristic for the species. In Enterobacteriaceae, the main mechanism of acquired beta-lactam resistance under therapy is chromosomal AmpC derepression. Asparaginase did not induce point mutation in the bacterial assay and was not clastogenic in the chromosomal aberration assay. Show More Sentences This is a sign that the chromosomal pairs evolved through asexual reproduction over a long time. Cheshire is less interested in the literal, chromosomal answer than the figurative one. Molecular karyotype of sympatric L. braziliensis populations displayed extensive chromosomal polymorphism. Carrier testing is also instigated by a positive family history such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, fragile X syndrome, or certain chromosomal disorders. Furthermore, laboratory studies of the uptake of exogenous chromosomal DNA in bacteria have also demonstrated that recombination can mediate the process of adaptive evolution. But I wonder if a certain sort of chromosomal stodginess can ever really be completely leached out of the Michelin guide and the system. However, we observed that a fraction of survivors become uracil auxotrophs, because of repair events associated with more complex chromosomal rearrangements. All eukaryotic cells undergo some form of mitosis, a sequence of cell division events that occurs after chromosomal DNA protein replication. Tests measuring chromosomal aberrations in nucleated bone marrow cells in rodents can detect a wide spectrum of changes in chromosomal integrity. Both chromatids of each chromosome attach to the spindle at a specialized chromosomal region called the kinetochore. These mice also carry increased level of chromosomal abberations, a hallmark of increased cancer risk. A study to detect point mutations and one to detect chromosomal aberrations, both in vitro, are considered an appropriate minimum screen. Three main mechanisms have been identified: chromosomal translocation, gene amplification, and point mutation. Down syndrome and other chromosomal rearrangements are often accompanied by improperly functioning organs and immune systems. The derivation of our model centers on tetraploid species in which multivalent pairing is only one mechanism for chromosomal pairings during meioses. It is thought that these so-called chromosomal deletions contribute to tumorigenesis through removal of genes or groups of genes that normally prevent cancer formation. The chromosomal aberrations mainly observed were gaps, breakes, fragments and dicentrics. Down Syndrome Described first in 1866 by Langdon Down, this is the best known of the chromosomal dysgeneses. Monosomy 9p syndrome is a well delineated chromosomal syndrome with cardinal features including psychomotor retardation, trigonocephaly, flat nasal bridge, long philtrum, and a short, broad and webbed neck. This enzyme determines the survival of the parasite within the phagolysosome and is coded by tandemly repeated genes prone to chromosomal rearrangements. Show More Sentences They can also carry out a check known as aneuploidy screening, looking at the chromosomal defects. Micronuclei are chromosomes or chromosomal fragments that fail to incorporate into either of the two daughter nuclei after karyokinesis. Karyology, systematics, and chromosomal evolution in the rodent genus, Sigmodon. The persistence of chromosomal aberrations was related to the decrease in proliferative activity of neuronal tissue in the early period after birth. The utility of tumorigenicity testing and chromosomal analysis for new cell substrates for unpurified products should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. In conclusion either the analysis of chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells or the measurement of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow cells in vivo is acceptable for the detection of clastogens. Most human genetic defects can be categorized as resulting from either chromosomal, single-gene Mendelian, single-gene non-Mendelian, or multifactorial causes. These cases included skeletal, genitourinary tract, cardiovascular and ophthalmic malformations, as well as chromosomal and multiple malformations. In 1988, they found that bcl-2, the gene activated by chromosomal translocation in human follicular lymphomas, permits the survival of cytokine-dependant haematopoietic cells in the absence of cytokines. It is likely that further development of prenatal molecular techniques will allow for improved detection of more chromosomal disorders at lower cost. Positive results in the micronucleus test indicate that the substance induces micronuclei which are the result of chromosomal damage or damage to the mitotic apparatus in the erythroblasts of the test species. Unlike some types of transposons, MITEs do not appear to encode proteins, and most insertions of these elements occur in euchromatin, the form of chromosomal material that contains the majority of active genes. After its entry into the egg cytoplasm, the spermatozoal nucleus, now called the male pronucleus, begins to swell, and its chromosomal material disperses and becomes similar in appearance to that of the female pronucleus. Using fluorescently labelled BACs selected from this physical map in chromosomal FISH experiments, we allocated these physical map assemblies to specific chromosomes on metaphase spreads. They also include specific chromosomal subordinations. New developments in maternal serum and ultrasound screening improved the ability to identify pregnancies at increased risk of Down syndrome, trisomy 18, and other chromosomal abnormalities. By polar body analysis, a geneticist can determine whether the woman's oocytes carry the genes that cause the genetic diseases, as well as whether the oocytes have any chromosomal abnormalities. In another published document, oleic acid was tested for elimination of metabolic cooperation, cellular toxicity, mutagenicity and the induction of chromosomal changes, including sister chromatid exchanges in V79 cells. The resistance may be related to chromosomal, transposon or plasmid genes. Nonetheless, a small increased risk is generally cited for these couples to account for unusual situations, such as chromosomal translocations or gonadal mosaicism, described below. Show More Sentences Autosomal trisomies, polyploidies, and monosomy X are the main groups of chromosomal abnormalities associated with early pregnancy failure. Are there differences in the staining pattern of p16INK4a in dysplastic or neoplastic cells where the HPV genome is episomal in contrast to cells where the HPV-DNA is integrated into the chromosomal DNA of the host cells? Clearly, molecular genetics has an evolving role in the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal disorders, as an adjunct to rather than as a replacement for cytogenetics. Numerical chromosomal changes leading to clones with euploidy or aneuploidy are classified into groups according to chromosome number. Loss of hereditary uterine protoporphyria through chromosomal rearrangement in mutant Rhode Island Red hens. One of the common indications for PGD-aneuploidy testing is a combination of infertility and advanced maternal age, which in itself is associated with an increased risk of certain chromosomal abnormalities. Since many fetal anomalies are associated with an increased risk of chromosomal anomalies, many practitioners will offer karyotype analysis as the primary and initial investigation of the anomaly or anomalies. In eukaryotes these rRNA genes are looped out of the main chromosomal fibres and coalesce in the presence of proteins to form an organelle called the nucleolus. According to these authors, however, some aluminum compounds appear able to produce chromosomal anomalies in plant material, probably as a result of an interference with microtubule polymerisation. Clinical patterns of human Y chromosomal diversity in continental Italy and Greece are dominated by drift and founder effects. Intellectual disability is perhaps the most common manifestation of chromosomal abnormalities, occurring to some extent in all major autosomal abnormalities. A physical examination should focus on identifying evidence of the detected fetal anomaly in the parents to rule out an autosomal dominant or chromosomal trait. Conjugation occurs when two bacteria come into physical contact with each other and a plasmid, sometimes carrying a piece of the chromosomal DNA, is transferred from the donor cell to the recipient cell. They found that two chromosomal regions spanning a handful of genes seem to be important in controlling the activity of copia. The significance of all this for Drosophila is not yet clear. The most common form of chromosomal crossover is homologous recombination, where the two chromosomes involved share very similar sequences. Various studies on spontaneous abortions have shown that more than half are associated with chromosomal abnormalities at the early stages of the embryo. Addition of the enzyme Cre led to deletion of chromosomal regions, ranging in size from 6kb to 23Mb, then including many genes and their regulatory regions. These effects range from dermatitis, chromosomal aberrations, and miscarriage, to Parkinson's disease and various forms of cancer, depending on the time and length of exposure and the type of chemical. The case is very different for reproductive cloning, since it is intended to result in the birth of a child who would be the chromosomal copy of another individual. In a paper published in February 2007, this team of researchers announced the discovery of a chromosomal region containing autism susceptibility genes. Show More Sentences An exceptional complex chromosomal rearrangement with eight breakpoints involving four chromosomes in an azoospermic male with normal phenotype. Micronuclei are composed of chromosomes or fragments of chromosomes that provide an indicator of chromosomal damage. Acetaldehyde is carcinogenic in rodents and causes sister chromatid exchanges and chromosomal aberrations in human cells. A cytogenetic study of canine breast carcinomas was performed in order to identify the occurrence of chromosomal abnormalities. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction can detect tumor markers in malignant cells in the form of specific chromosomal translocations and mutations. Plant systems have a variety well defined genetic endpoints including alterations in ploidy, chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges. This variant of HES also requires the absence of chromosomal evidence of clonality, in which case the diagnosis of chronic eosinophilic leukemia is more appropriate. In the practice of reproductive medicine, chromosomal aneuploidy has long been recognized as a significant cause of abnormal prenatal and postnatal development. All patients with chromosomal anomalies were azoospermic and they posed one or the other feature of Klinefelter syndrome, a male genetic disorder. The total number of binucleates and mononucleates with abnormalities was then divided by the total number of cells scored to obtain the frequency of chromosomal instability. Early genetic studies focused on the identification and chromosomal localization of genes that control readily observable characteristics, such as the eye color of Drosophila. Transsexuals are individuals born with the physiological and chromosomal identity of one gender, but who mentally and emotionally believe they belong to the opposite gender. Cellectis announces the issuance by the USPTO of US patent 8,921,332 covering chimeric endonucleases for chromosomal gene editing by homologous recombination in cells. The aneuploid theory was tossed aside about 50 years ago because researchers were unable to detect any chromosomal patterns with available technology. Prenatal testing can be used to identify fetuses with chromosomal abnormalities or genetic mutations that would result in the birth of an affected newborn. She was 13 weeks pregnant when a visit to her ob-gyn revealed she had a hydatidiform mole, a pregnancy-related chromosomal mix-up that results in a benign tumor. There were a total of 11 aneuploid fetuses, including trisomies 13, 18, and 21, a triploid karyotype, Turner syndrome, and rare chromosomal aberrations. Examples from Classical Literature However, the characteristic cytogenetic abnormalities involve chromosomal rearrangements of c-MYC, BCL-2, and BCL-6 genes. In others, chromosomal aberrations occur, resulting in mutations. Hermaphrodites occur when there is a chromosomal abnormality and testes and ovaries do not form as they should. Find more words! Another word for Opposite of Meaning of Rhymes with Sentences with Find word forms Translate from English Translate to English Words With Friends Scrabble Crossword / Codeword Words starting with Words ending with Words containing exactly Words containing letters Pronounce Find conjugations Find names From Afrikaans From Albanian From Amharic From Arabic From Armenian From Azerbaijani From Basque From Belarusian From Bengali From Bosnian From Bulgarian From Catalan From Cebuano From Chichewa From Chinese From Corsican From Croatian From Czech From Danish From Dutch From Esperanto From Estonian From Farsi From Filipino From Finnish From French From Frisian From Galician From Georgian From German From Greek From Gujarati From Haitian Creole From Hausa From Hebrew From Hindi From Hmong From Hungarian From Icelandic From Igbo From Indonesian From Irish From Italian From Japanese From Javanese From Kannada From Kazakh From Khmer From Korean From Kurdish From Kyrgyz From Lao From Latin From Latvian From Lithuanian From Luxembourgish From Macedonian From Malagasy From Malay From Malayalam From Maltese From Maori From Marathi From Mongolian From Burmese From Nepali From Norwegian From Polish From Portuguese From Punjabi From Romanian From Russian From Samoan From Scots Gaelic From Serbian From Sesotho From Shona From Sinhala From Slovak From Slovenian From Somali From Spanish From Sundanese From Swahili From Swedish From Tajik From Tamil From Telugu From Thai From Turkish From Ukrainian From Urdu From Uzbek From Vietnamese From Welsh From Xhosa From Yiddish From Yoruba From Zulu To Afrikaans To Albanian To Amharic To Arabic To Armenian To Azerbaijani To Basque To Belarusian To Bengali To Bosnian To Bulgarian To Catalan To Cebuano To Chichewa To Chinese To Corsican To Croatian To Czech To Danish To Dutch To Esperanto To Estonian To Farsi To Filipino To Finnish To French To Frisian To Galician To Georgian To German To Greek To Gujarati To Haitian Creole To Hausa To Hebrew To Hindi To Hmong To Hungarian To Icelandic To Igbo To Indonesian To Irish To Italian To Japanese To Javanese To Kannada To Kazakh To Khmer To Korean To Kurdish To Kyrgyz To Lao To Latin To Latvian To Lithuanian To Luxembourgish To Macedonian To Malagasy To Malay To Malayalam To Maltese To Maori To Marathi To Mongolian To Burmese To Nepali To Norwegian To Polish To Portuguese To Punjabi To Romanian To Russian To Samoan To Scots Gaelic To Serbian To Sesotho To Shona To Sinhala To Slovak To Slovenian To Somali To Spanish To Sundanese To Swahili To Swedish To Tajik To Tamil To Telugu To Thai To Turkish To Ukrainian To Urdu To Uzbek To Vietnamese To Welsh To Xhosa To Yiddish To Yoruba To Zulu English French Afrikaans Word Albanian Word Arabic Word Bengali Word Chinese Word Croatian Word Czech Word Danish Word Dutch Word English Word Finnish Word French Word German Word Greek Word Hindi Word Hungarian Word Icelandic Word Indonesian Word Italian Word Japanese Word Korean Word Latin Word Malay Word Malayalam Word Marathi Word Nepali Word Norwegian Word Polish Word Portuguese Word Romanian Word Russian Word Serbian Word Slovak Word Spanish Word Swahili Word Swedish Word Tamil Word Telugu Word Thai Word Turkish Word Ukrainian Word Uzbek Word Vietnamese Word Welsh Word All words 2-letter words 3-letter words 4-letter words 5-letter words 6-letter words 7-letter words 8-letter words 9-letter words 10-letter words 11-letter words 12-letter words 13-letter words 14-letter words Plural of Singular of Past tense of Present tense of Verb for Adjective for Adverb for Noun for Meaning of name Origin of name Names meaning Names starting with Names of origin chromosomal Use * for blank tiles (max 2) Advanced Search Advanced Search Use * for blank spaces Advanced Search Advanced Word Finder See Also What is another word for chromosomal? What is the opposite of chromosomal? Words that rhyme with chromosomal What is the adverb for chromosomal? What is the adjective for chromosomal? What is the noun for chromosomal? Use our Sentence Generator Nearby Words chromoplasts chromoplast chromophoric chromophore chromophobia chromophobe chromosomally chromosome chromosomes chromosome theory chromosphere chromospheres 11-letter Words Starting With c ch chr chro chrom chromo chromos chromoso chromosom chromosoma