| At the beginning of the century the law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions was checked experimentally by Landolt and various other experimenters. |
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| This session explores society's abiding desire for binary genders, the changing nature of 21st century masculinities and the concept of misandry in everyday life. |
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| German migration to New Zealand in the 19th century was less pronounced than migration from Britain, Ireland, and perhaps even Scandinavia. |
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| The common owes its existence to the demands of the military in the early 19th century for a clear range of fire. |
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| Before the 3rd century BC, copper was traded by weight, measured in unmarked lumps, across central Italy. |
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| It continued to be used as a first language into the twentieth century but now its use is limited to a few older speakers. |
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| At the end of the 20th century Liverpool was concentrating on regeneration, a process which continues today. |
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| From the twelfth century to the nineteenth, coronation banquets honouring new monarchs were held here. |
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| The Sheffield Carols, as they are known locally, predate modern carols by over a century and are sung with alternative words and verses. |
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| The earliest part of St Nicholas' Church dates from the 12th century but it was probably a site of worship much earlier. |
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| Generally, modern calculus is considered to have been developed in the 17th century by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz. |
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| After defeating the Macedonian and Seleucid Empires in the 2nd century BC, the Romans became the dominant people of the Mediterranean Sea. |
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| European fishing ventures in and around Newfoundland during the 16th century were the earliest Cornish activity in what was to become Canada. |
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| It was not until the middle of the 18th century that a widely accepted standard was created, ending the period of Early New High German. |
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| There were four major factors that radically transformed newspapers in 19th century Britain. |
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| The last decades of the 19th century saw concerted political campaigns for Irish home rule. |
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| The 19th century saw improvements to roads in the region with the introduction of turnpikes and the building of canals and railways. |
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| In the 17th century there was slow progress in trade and population growth. |
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| The same social forces that had built these resorts in the nineteenth century proved to be their undoing in the twentieth. |
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| The 21st century has seen extensive redevelopment in Sheffield along with other British cities. |
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| Truro's importance increased later in the 19th century and it had its own iron smelting works, potteries, and tanneries. |
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| Flemish weavers who settled in the area in the 14th century helped develop the industry. |
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| Their presence in the late fourth century on the River Main is documented in Roman sources, as are their wars with the Alemanni. |
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| Some difficulties were discovered in the late 19th century that could only be resolved by more modern physics. |
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| The intention was that the first decade of the 21st century would see the completion of the first of these projects. |
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| More than a half century after these events, Carthage was humiliated and Rome was no more concerned about the African menace. |
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| Also in the 1st century BC, Vitruvius wrote De architectura, possibly the first complete treatise on architecture in history. |
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| Most of their ancestors arrived in the 19th century as indentured laborers. |
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| From roughly the 2nd century AD, certain speakers of early Germanic varieties developed the Elder Futhark, an early form of the runic alphabet. |
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| During the 18th century Cornish Anglicanism was very much in the same state as Anglicanism in most of England. |
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| Building work in the city continued in the fourth century under Constantine and later Count Theodosius. |
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| The Conservative century was therefore a game of two halves with regard to the procedures for defining parliamentary constituencies. |
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| None of these demands were new, but the People's Charter was to become one of the most famous political manifestos of 19th century Britain. |
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| Although such defects were clear as early as 1849, nothing was done for the remainder of the 19th century even after much studying. |
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| She was the only speaker elected in the 20th century not to be a member of the governing party at the time of her first election. |
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| By the 12th century Bristol was an important port, handling much of England's trade with Ireland. |
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| The 11th century saw England become more stable, despite a number of wars with the Danes, which resulted in a Danish monarchy for one generation. |
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| The villa was abandoned sometime during the third or fourth century for unknown reasons. |
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| However, from the 16th century onwards the mineral and geological wealth of the Peak became increasingly significant. |
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| Walter and Robert were named as foresters of Exmoor when they witnessed an early 13th century grant to Forde Abbey. |
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| From the mid 18th century it was the world's most powerful navy until surpassed by the United States Navy during the Second World War. |
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| These disappeared in the early nineteenth century from the industrialising south of the region, but remain in the music of Northumbria. |
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| Central Bradford rose to prominence during the 19th century as an international centre of textile manufacture, particularly wool. |
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| Later in the century Falmouth was awarded its own charter giving it rights to its harbour, starting a long rivalry between the two towns. |
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| By the 19th century the pound sterling was widely accepted outside Britain. |
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| The Indian factory is still very successful, with new Indian models and has taken Royal Enfield into its third century of manufacturing. |
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| As a result, the 16th century became known as linn nan creach, the time of raids. |
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| Babbage achieved notable results in cryptography, though this was still not known a century after his death. |
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| Variolation was also practiced throughout the latter half of the 17th century by physicians in Turkey, Persia, and Africa. |
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| It describes the system of physics started by Isaac Newton and many contemporary 17th century natural philosophers. |
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| The infinitesimal approach fell out of favor in the 19th century because it was difficult to make the notion of an infinitesimal precise. |
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| Rugby expanded rapidly in the early decades of the 20th century as workers moved in. |
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| However, towards the end of the 19th century the economy began declining, and by the 1940s Malta's economy was in serious crisis. |
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| This was a reference to drinking horns, but was mistranslated in the 17th century as referring to the skulls of the slain. |
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| Prior to the middle of the 3rd century BC, officials known as duumviri navales commanded a fleet of twenty ships used mainly to control piracy. |
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| These combats had begun as funeral games around the 4th century BC, and became popular spectator events in the late Republic and Empire. |
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| Middlesbrough during the latter half of the 19th century had the second highest percentage of Irish born migrants in England after Liverpool. |
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| The recorded history of art in Bangladesh can be traced to the 3rd century BCE, when terracotta sculptures were made in the region. |
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| This is implicit in the writings of Vitruvius and explicit in such 16th century authors as John Dee and Leonard Digges. |
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| The earliest coherent Germanic text preserved is the 4th century Gothic translation of the New Testament by Ulfilas. |
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| The 21st century has brought some new technological changes to the publishing industry. |
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| However, the last verse was the Cranken Rhyme, written in the late 19th century by John Davey of Boswednack. |
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| The intellectual leader of this era whose work was most influential for the rest of the century was also the most antihistorical. |
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| Maize and manioc were introduced into Africa in the 16th century by the Portuguese. |
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| The 20th century brought competition from road haulage, and only the strongest canals survived until the Second World War. |
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| The middle of the 19th century saw The Great Exhibition of 1851, the first World's Fair, which showcased the greatest innovations of the century. |
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| The Polish Renaissance lasted from the late 15th to the late 16th century and was the Golden Age of Polish culture. |
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| By contrast in 21st century Britain, nearly half of all children are born outside marriage, and nine in ten newlyweds have been cohabitating. |
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| These three principles have guided the development of the NHS over more than half a century and remain. |
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| Westminster Hall, which was built in the 11th century and survived the fire of 1834, was incorporated in Barry's design. |
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| By the 13th century the terms Aquitaine, Guyenne and Gascony were virtually synonymous. |
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| The development of Cabinet government under King William III in the late 17th century caused further change in the nature of the Speakership. |
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| The limited years of Spanish rule at the end of the 18th century did not result in widespread adoption of the Spanish language. |
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| There was a royal palace at Cheddar, which was used at times in the 10th century to host the Witenagemot. |
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| By the 15th century English chivalric ideas of selfless service to the king had been corrupted. |
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| The 7th century was a tumultuous period of wars between Austrasia and Neustria. |
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| The Council of Wales, based at Ludlow Castle, was also established in the 15th century to govern the area. |
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| These early works were encountered more than a century later during the TML project. |
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| More recent immigration in the late 20th century and early 21st century has fueled new communities of Hispanics and Asians. |
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| Paddle steamers were operated in the Severn Estuary from the mid 19th century to the late 1970s by P and A Campbell of Bristol. |
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| The town largely grew in importance in the late 18th century when it was developed by the 5th Duke of Devonshire in style of the spa of Bath. |
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| It was built, in the late 11th or early 12th century of earth with timber palisades for defence and a one or two storey wooden dwelling. |
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| However, processes of cultural and economic change beginning in the 12th century ensured Scotland looked very different in the later Middle Ages. |
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| His works have dominated London's West End since the late 20th century and have also been a commercial success worldwide. |
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| The first quarter of the 20th century also saw a shift in the political landscape of Wales. |
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| In the second half of the 20th century these traditional clothes fell out of fashion. |
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| The Royal Navy's Napoleonic campaigns of the early 19th century are a popular subject of historical novels. |
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| By the early 21st century Virginia was among the most prosperous states in the South and in the country as a whole. |
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| With British colonial expansion from the 17th century onwards, Anglican churches were planted around the globe. |
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| Wells in the 19th century had the largest cheese market in the west of England. |
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| Lee and other generals led Confederate forces, the state developed in the 20th century into a bridge state between the North and the South. |
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| This became the standard until the 20th century and is today known as sterling silver, named after its association with the currency. |
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| By the end of the 19th century the Russian Empire, particularly the Branobel company in Azerbaijan, had taken the lead in production. |
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| In the 19th century it became the international centre for the needle and fishing tackle industry. |
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| In its first century and half, the EIC used a few hundred soldiers as guards. |
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| In the mid 17th century the Dutch also explored the western Australian coasts, naming many places. |
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| In the eighteenth century Scotland reaped the intellectual benefits of this system. |
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| Hooke's reputation was revived during the twentieth century through studies of Robert Gunther and Margaret 'Espinasse. |
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| The century and half of Dutch rule in Ceylon and southern India left few to no traces of the Dutch language. |
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| They initially had chocolate brown or Indian red frames but this was changed in the twentieth century to black. |
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| Near the end of the 19th century compound engines came into widespread use. |
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| In the 21st century PD Ports, owners of Teesport, have been developing it as a Port Centric Logistical Centre. |
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| By the late 11th century at the very latest, Scottish kings were using the term rex Scottorum, or King of Scots, to refer to themselves in Latin. |
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| The method of exhaustion was later discovered independently in China by Liu Hui in the 3rd century AD in order to find the area of a circle. |
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| In the 19th century the first railway locomotives were powered by steam, usually generated by burning wood, coal, or oil. |
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| Rugby remained a sleepy country market town until the 19th century and the coming of the railways. |
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| Ferdinand Magellan had called here half a century earlier, where he put to death some mutineers. |
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| In the 21st century a very few industrial and common carrier lines survive. |
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| It became the fashion in the late 19th century to collect and sing the old songs. |
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| England has been the destination of varied numbers of migrants at different periods from the 17th century onwards. |
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| Beginning around the 5th century BC, city officials called aediles supervised the sanitary systems. |
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| In the early decades of the 20th century the Whig school was the dominant theoretical view. |
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| The fourth style, which began in the 1st century AD, depicted scenes from mythology, while retaining architectural details and abstract patterns. |
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| The period of civil unrest that followed until the end of the 19th century is referred to as the Land War. |
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| The majority of the surviving English motets of the fourteenth century are isoperiodic. |
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| The Romans began to use the term Scoti to describe the Gaels in the Latin language from the 4th century onwards. |
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| In the Americas, the Eneolithic ended as late as the 19th century AD for some peoples. |
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| This advantage was lost in the 18th century as other regions edged forward such as China and Western Europe. |
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| Some modern research has asserted that the claims of the society's degradation during the 18th century are false. |
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| The 18th century featured remedies to many of the society's early problems. |
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| During the 2nd century BC, Roman territory saw an overall decline in population, partially due to the huge losses incurred during various wars. |
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| The last to die off was Crimean Gothic, spoken in the late 18th century in some isolated areas of Crimea. |
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| Enlightenment era religious commentary was a response to the preceding century of religious conflict in Europe, especially the Thirty Years' War. |
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| As in most of the rest of northern Europe, England saw little of these developments until more than a century later. |
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| From the second half of the 17th century onwards, a time of political and religious turmoil existed in the kingdoms. |
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| The revival of Manx has been aided by the recording work done in the 20th century by researchers. |
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| In the following century Alcuin of York came to the cathedral school of York. |
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| The 19th century saw some major new canals such as the Caledonian Canal and the Manchester Ship Canal. |
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| Cornish had become extinct by the 19th century but has been the subject of language revitalization since the 20th century. |
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| The philosophy of Common Sense Realism was especially influential in 19th century American thought and religion. |
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| In East Kent, fifth century cemeteries mostly comprise solely of inhumation burials, with a distinct Kentish character. |
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| Secondly, 20th century scholarship has exploded understanding of the history and culture of the period, and so it no longer so 'dark' to us. |
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| The law of the 13th century was judge-made law in a fuller and more literal sense than the law of any succeeding century has been. |
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| The word Scotia was used by the Romans, as early as the 1st century CE, as the name of one of the tribes in what is now Scotland. |
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| After the departure of the Roman army, the Saxons arrived in Sussex in the 5th century and brought with them their polytheistic religion. |
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| Lombard Salerno was a centre of ivorywork in the 11th century and this continued under Norman domination. |
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| The first quarter of the 19th century involved numerous experiments with locomotives and rail technology. |
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| About a century later, in 1161, Pope Alexander III canonised the late king. |
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| Historians in the 20th and 21st century have conducted extensive research on Edward and his reign. |
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| It originated in the 7th century as a duchy of Francia, ultimately a recreation of the Roman provinces of Aquitania Prima and Secunda. |
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| These officials were introduced during the 12th century in Normandy and cause an organisation of the duchy similar to the sheriffs in England. |
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| A major renovation project undertaken by Christopher Wren in the late 17th century completely redesigned the building's interior. |
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| The Lordship thrived in the 13th century during the Medieval Warm Period, a time of warm climate and better harvests. |
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| The treaty gave substance to the political reality of 13th century Wales and England, and the relationship of the former with the Angevin Empire. |
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| During the 15th century civil war raged across England as the Houses of York and Lancaster fought each other for the English throne. |
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| The root causes of the conflict can be found in the demographic, economic and political crises of 14th century Europe. |
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| In the late 20th century a model of European state formation was prominent in which Henry less resembles Louis and Ferdinand. |
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| During the later decades of the fourteenth century English started to come back into official use. |
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| The earliest are from the 8th century and are land conveyances, such as sales, exchanges, donations, and leases. |
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| Yet the caracole had struggled against cold steel throughout the 16th century and had come off the victor. |
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| Our nineteenth century is wonderfully set up in its own esteem, wonderfully elate at its progress. |
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| It would be a century before the daughter of another devadasi mesmerized audiences around the world. |
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| The nave and central tower, more flamboyant in design, were finished early in the sixteenth century after the original plan. |
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| At the end of the 15th century Luca Pacioli published the first work on bookkeeping, making him the founder of accounting. |
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| The colorful tassels of the visible ends of the hierarchs' epitrachelions suggest a late-fourteenth century date. |
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| However, the first style of this century was known as Empire furniture. It was a derivative of the French Empire furniture, popular at that time. |
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| In the twentieth century most of these vegetables were planted from seeds purchased from feedstores. |
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| He may have been executed in 1499, though no record of this exists beyond an assertion by George Buck over a century later. |
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| The Royal Navy of the 18th century is depicted in many novels and several films dramatising the voyage and mutiny on the Bounty. |
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| Fans want to see the Twelfth Doctor go to the 51st century to visit River in the library. |
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| The 20th century British artist Stanley Spencer produced many works at Cookham. |
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| The discovery of the laws of electricity laid the groundwork for a century of innovation. |
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| The 7th century saw a struggle for hegemony between Northumbria and Mercia, which in the 8th century gave way to Mercian preeminence. |
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| In the 17th century printing became widespread, and woodcuts became especially popular. |
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| In the early 17th century the eastward movement of Russians was slowed by the internal problems in the country during the Time of Troubles. |
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| In the early 9th century Mercia was displaced as the foremost kingdom by Wessex. |
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| England has a strong sporting heritage, and during the 19th century codified many sports that are now played around the world. |
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| Welsh was spoken by natives of parts of western Shropshire until the middle of the twentieth century if not later. |
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| Until the late 19th century the majority of Welsh literature was in Welsh and much of the prose was religious in character. |
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| Leading Welsh novelists of the twentieth century include Richard Llewellyn and Kate Roberts. |
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| The country they ruled experienced greater prosperity from the end of the 14th century through the Scottish Renaissance to the Reformation. |
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| Towards the end of the century Prime Ministers of Scottish descent included William Gladstone, and the Earl of Rosebery. |
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| Welsh Liberalism, exemplified in the early 20th century by Lloyd George, was displaced by the growth of socialism and the Labour Party. |
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| With the modern game of golf originating in 15th century Scotland, the country is promoted as the home of golf. |
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| Drama in the early 20th century thrived, but the country failed to produce a Welsh National Theatre company. |
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| Britannia was used by the Romans from the 1st century BC for the British Isles taken together. |
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| Thomas was one of the most notable and popular Welsh writers of the 20th century and one of the most innovative poets of his time. |
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| A number of illuminated manuscripts from Wales survive, of which the 8th century Hereford Gospels and Lichfield Gospels are the most notable. |
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| Whaling was an important economic activity from the 9th until the 13th century for Flemish whalers. |
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| Eelgrass, formerly common in the entirety of the Wadden Sea, was nearly wiped out in the 20th century by a disease. |
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| The 17th century Dutch Golden Age during which Dutch herring, cod and whale fisheries reached an all time high saw Dutch power at its zenith. |
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| The picture of Elizabeth painted by her Protestant admirers of the early 17th century has proved lasting and influential. |
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| Scilly has been inhabited since the Stone Age, and until the early 20th century its history had been one of subsistence living. |
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| Rapid social change in the industrialised world during the 20th century compelled the church to examine issues of gender, sexuality and marriage. |
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| Towards the end of the century the size of the helm port on large ships was much reduced by bringing the head of the rudder inside the ship. |
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| However, its origins date to the 18th century in the United Kingdom under the ideas of the classical economist Adam Smith. |
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| Some of the marriage attempts of the 6th century AD were deliberately planned for the sake of royal succession. |
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| Later the Bastarnae were defeated by the Huns sometime during the 4th or 5th century AD which ended their regional domination. |
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| These mergers heralded half a century in which GKN became a major manufacturer of screws, nuts, bolts and other fasteners. |
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| Meanwhile, Celtic culture and influence in Gaul began to wane during the first century BC as a result. |
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| New crops that had come to Asia from the Americas via the Spanish colonizers in the 16th century contributed to the Asia's population growth. |
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| Manchester acquired the nickname Cottonopolis during the early 19th century owing to its sprawl of textile factories. |
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| Revised editions appeared throughout the twentieth century to keep it up to date with changes in English usage. |
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| During its first century of operation the focus of the Company was trade, not the building of an empire in India. |
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| In the early 19th century the Indian question of geopolitical dominance and empire holding remained with the East India Company. |
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| The crowned portcullis came to be accepted during the 20th century as the emblem of both houses of parliament. |
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| One of the major reforms of the late 19th century and early 20th century was the abolition of common law pleading requirements. |
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| The east wing was later demolished but the 17th century north front survives. |
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| Fortunately for the county, advances were made by the end of the century with the introduction of modern sewers and water supplies. |
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| The puddling process continued to be used until the late 19th century when iron was being displaced by steel. |
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| In the UK, canals began to be built in the late 18th century to link the major manufacturing centres across the country. |
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| Clark argues that in 16th century England, women were engaged in many aspects of industry and agriculture. |
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| In the following century the spa towns of Harrogate and Scarborough flourished, due to people believing mineral water had curative properties. |
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| Letterboxing originated on Dartmoor in the 19th century and has become increasingly popular in recent decades. |
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| In the 16th century William Shakespeare and his contemporaries lived in London at a time of hostility to the development of the theatre. |
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| The early ships were built of wood but in the 19th century there was a move towards building ships of iron then steel. |
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| Although resembling the language spoken in northern England, it became a distinct dialect from the late 14th century onwards. |
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| From the 5th century AD, north Britain was divided into a series of petty kingdoms. |
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| Additionally, the term United Kingdom was found in informal use during the 18th century to describe the state. |
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| During its first century of operation the focus of the East India Company had been trade, not the building of an empire in India. |
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| The second half of the 19th century saw a huge expansion of Britain's colonial empire, mostly in Africa. |
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| Over the next quarter of the century the relationship between the various members of the Commonwealth continued to evolve. |
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| Victorian attitudes and ideals that had continued into the first years of the 20th century changed during the Great War. |
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| The Lawrence Sheriff School was eventually founded in the late 19th century to carry on Sheriff's original intentions. |
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| It is generally agreed that the original version was written in the late 9th century by a scribe in Wessex. |
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| Archaeologists have identified only 40 percent as many Mediterranean shipwrecks from the 3rd century as from the first. |
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| Even before the 8th century was out, the Farmer's Law signalled the resurrection of agricultural technologies in the Roman Empire. |
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| From the middle of the 10th century Bulgaria was in decline as it entered a social and spiritual turmoil. |
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| The 10th century marked a return of urban life, with the Italian cities doubling in population. |
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| Copies are sparse throughout the 10th century and for much of the 11th century. |
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| The Victorian era and the early 20th century idealised the Elizabethan era. |
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| After the Angles departed from Anglia, by the 8th century the region was occupied by Danes. |
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| Insular Celtic languages are attested beginning around the 4th century in Ogham inscriptions, although it was clearly being spoken much earlier. |
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| Language shift during the 19th century replaced Irish with English as the first language for a vast majority of the population. |
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| Therefore, until the end of the 17th century the majority of books and almost all diplomatic documents were written in Latin. |
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| In the 18th century all surviving interests in the monopoly were bought out by John Baskett. |
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| From the 3rd century to the 16th century, the dominant view held that the Earth was the rotational center of the universe. |
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| His works contain the earliest known formal study of logic, which was incorporated in the late 19th century into modern formal logic. |
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| The religious struggles of the 17th century left a deep sectarian division in Ireland. |
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| The population soared in the latter part of this century and the architectural legacy of Georgian Ireland was built. |
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| The introduction of the potato in the second half of the 16th century heavily influenced cuisine thereafter. |
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| An 8th century inscription in Tywyn shows the language already dropping inflections in the declension of nouns. |
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| Welsh emerged in the 6th century from Common Brittonic, the common ancestor of Welsh, Breton, Cornish and the extinct language known as Cumbric. |
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| The word is known to date from the 10th century or earlier, as it appears in the literary Armes Prydein. |
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| In the sixth century BC, the Carthaginians arrived in the peninsula while struggling with the Greeks for control of the Western Mediterranean. |
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| In the 19th century a number of scientists noted puzzling geological and zoological similarities between widely separated areas. |
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| In Europe, the Etruscans were making bronze mirrors in the sixth century BCE, and Greek and Roman mirrors followed the same pattern. |
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| Every subsequent British monarch until Edward VII in the twentieth century would take a German spouse. |
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| Koch of Aberystwyth University suggested that Tartessian inscriptions of the 8th century BC might be classified as Celtic. |
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| In the 3rd century BC, Greek art taken as booty from wars became popular, and many Roman homes were decorated with landscapes by Greek artists. |
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| The latter, writing in the early 1st century AD, deals with Britain and Gaul as well as Hispania, Italy and Galatia. |
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| In the fifth century BC Herodotus referred to Keltoi living around the head of the Danube and also in the far west of Europe. |
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| Prima Europe tabula One of the earliest surviving copies of Ptolemy's 2nd century map of the British Isles. |
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| Maps based on scientific principles had been made since the time of Eratosthenes, in the 3rd century BC, but Ptolemy improved map projections. |
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| In the 4th century BC, the Romans abandoned the phalanx in favour of the more flexible manipular formation. |
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| As the 18th century progressed, the content of encyclopedias also changed according to readers' tastes. |
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| The Temple of Hercules Victor of the late 2nd century BC is the earliest surviving exception in Rome. |
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| Architects of the 18th century could not forget Wren, but they could not forgive some elements in his work they deemed unconventional. |
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| The Carthaginian sailor Himilco is said to have visited the island in the 5th century BC and the Greek explorer Pytheas in the 4th. |
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| The latter part of the 11th century was a period of transition from Late Old English to Early Middle English. |
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| In the 20th century the potency of the influence of Wren's work on English architecture was reduced. |
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| Monumental domes began to appear in the 1st century BC in Rome and the provinces around the Mediterranean Sea. |
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| Throughout the 1st century BC, the power and legitimacy of the Roman constitution was progressively eroding. |
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| Pliny the Elder, writing in the first century AD, was the only ancient author to discuss them. |
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| The end of the 19th century saw Britain being swept by football mania, attracting huge crowds of largely working class men. |
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| The Conservative Party believes that in the 21st century defence and security are interlinked. |
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| However, like Trajan nearly a century before, he was unable to capture the fortress of Hatra even after two lengthy sieges. |
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| The decline of Roman Britain in early fifth century AD led to significant social and economic changes all over Britain. |
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| The battle is next mentioned in an 8th century text of Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People. |
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| The 15th century philologist Lorenzo Valla proved the document was indeed a forgery. |
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| His own writings provide no evidence for any dating more precise than the 5th century generally. |
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| However, the charter is now believed to have been a 10th or early 11th century forgery. |
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| There is a sharp drop from 34 volumes in the 9th century to just 8 in the 10th. |
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| The rise of archaeology in the 20th century has shed light on the period, offering a more nuanced understanding of its achievements. |
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| The concept of the Dark Ages was also in use, but by the 18th century it tended to be confined to the earlier part of this period. |
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| However, in the later 20th century other historians became critical even of this nonjudgmental use of the term, for two main reasons. |
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| Within a century of the charter Birmingham had grown into a prosperous urban centre of merchants and craftsmen. |
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| It was used mainly in churches and cathedrals, and continued in use until the 16th century in much of Europe. |
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| Saxon occupation of land that was to form the kingdom had begun by the early 5th century at Mucking and other locations. |
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| For a brief period in the 8th century the kingdom encompassed the Kentish Kingdom to the South. |
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| Whether one's surroundings were anticked up or not, one often felt one was living in another century at Roque. |
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| From the 10th century onwards the hundred became important as a court of justice as well as dealing with matters of local administration. |
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| Consequently, it was writers of the sixteenth century who gave Alfred his epithet as 'the Great', rather than any of Alfred's contemporaries. |
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| According to the 12th century author Sven Aggesen, the mythical King Dan gave name to the Danes. |
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| This led to the development of Nynorsk in the 19th century and to the formation of alternative spelling standards in the 20th century. |
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| Within a century of the invasion, intermarriage between the native English and the Norman immigrants had become common. |
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| It is only since the late 20th century that Norwegian architects have achieved international renown. |
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| It was in the 19th century that a truly Norwegian era began, first with portraits, later with impressive landscapes. |
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| This indicates that by the late 12th century a knowledge of English was expected of those in positions of authority in England. |
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| In the late 16th century the river seems to have been reopened for navigation from Henley to Burcot. |
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| It was only in the late 17th century that it passed into common usage among historians. |
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| The west wing of Culham Manor was built in the 15th century as a medieval grange for Abingdon Abbey. |
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| The company has an excellent pedigree with over a century in the business. |
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| Before the nineteenth century closed, industrial capitalism and agriculturalism came to a showdown. |
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| At the beginning of the twenty-first century the physically adept aggro femme had become a recurring motif in new circus and physical theatre. |
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| The subsequent 17th century was one of political upheaval, religious division and war. |
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| The tenth century used to be reckoned by mediaeval historians as the darkest part of this intellectual night. |
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| The Druid Prayer composed by Iolo Morganwg in the 18th century and the later Druid Vow are typically recited. |
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| When they refuse, she turns her fossilizer ray on them then returns to the 25th century to dig them up. |
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| At the end of the 16th century there was an upsurge in interest in Magna Carta. |
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| The craze for bambooing furniture and accessories was one of many popular paint techniques in the 18th century and early Victorian era. |
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| From the 11th century onward, the Angevins had autonomy within their French domains, effectively neutralising the issue. |
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| A century ago you could expect to live 40 years.... Anything beyond that was borrowed time. |
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| For a large part of the twentieth century the majority of light vehicles used petrol engines that were equipped with a carburettor. |
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| Gillespie was reminded he had promised to join team-mate Matthew Hayden in a nude lap of the ground if he converted his century into a double. |
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| Regardless of the cause, populations continued to fall into the 15th century and remained low into the 16th. |
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| Until the middle of the century the export had consisted primarily of raw wool to cloth makers in Flanders. |
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| There are many varieties of congee but the most common is this salted pork with century egg. |
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| Over the last century the advance in science has led to many new words being coined. |
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| The fairy tales collections collected and published by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm in the 19th century became famous throughout the world. |
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