Different concentrations of ground water nitrate were obtained by drilling irrigation wells into two aquifers. |
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The quantities of contemporary recharge are negligible in comparison with the general quantity of fossil water stored in the aquifers. |
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Urban and industrial activities can also pollute aquifers by run-off of non-inert products or solid residues deposited on the land. |
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The land is sinking because the aquifers are being drained, and it won't work any more. |
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Water can be obtained from streams, rivers, lakes, or underground aquifers, which are used to supply private wells and public drinking water. |
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Shortages have become endemic to many regions, as record drought and population sprawl sap rivers and aquifers. |
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These saline waters get pulled into local aquifers as wells and groundwater supplies are overdrawn. |
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Such an effect has been enhanced by the extended, often illegal, overpumping of the deltaic aquifers. |
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Percolation pits dug along the lengths of the bunds would facilitate recharge of groundwater aquifers. |
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Irrigation is overwhelmingly the largest use of the water from each of these aquifers. |
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Because of the long residence times typical of most bodies of groundwater, contaminated aquifers are not readily restored by natural processes. |
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But the complex geology overlying the mountain aquifers continues to challenge researchers. |
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Dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria, which are ubiquitous in soils and aquifers, couple. |
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The movement of saline water into freshwater aquifers, or saltwater intrusion, is usually caused by ground water pumping from coastal wells. |
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Encia workmen are punching boreholes deep into the ground to suck up oily chemicals which leaked into aquifers far beneath the surface. |
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Deep down within fluids or aquifers volatilization is not an important transport process. |
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Wetlands may overlie important groundwater aquifers, especially on moraines, eskers, and fluvioglacial deposits. |
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Kirk Bemis, the Zunis ' hydrologist, says that the appropriate studies on these other aquifers have yet to be done. |
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The potable nature of available drinking water is affected as the sweet water aquifers are destroyed by quarrying. |
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Chalk rivers are fed from groundwater aquifers, which produce clear waters and a generally stable flow and temperature regime. |
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This refuse percolated down into the aquifers, which were also threatened by the increasing number of cesspools in the city. |
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The artificial recharge of aquifers could help to counter overexploitation of groundwater resources. |
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Today water-resource managers must increasingly consider how withdrawals affect the amount of water flowing in and out of aquifers. |
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Extraction of water from aquifers in India exceeds recharge by a factor of two or more. |
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Because deep aquifers are slow to recharge, the reservoirs are essentially a nonrenewable resource that's being mined. |
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It can take centuries for aquifers to recharge, so the world is currently running a groundwater overdraft of 200 billion cubic metres a year. |
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Yes, we catch the water through an embankment and the water recharges the underground aquifers. |
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At particular risk are aquifers, underground repositories of water that are tapped by wells for agricultural irrigation and drinking water. |
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The problem usually afflicts rural areas, where deep well drilling hits arsenic-rich aquifers. |
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For most wetlands, direct rainfall provides only a small proportion of the water regime, with the primary source being rivers or aquifers. |
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The litany of contemporary change includes global warming, ozone loss, soil erosion, deforestation, desertification, collapsing fisheries, and disappearing aquifers. |
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While pumping from urban aquifers was high, the natural discharge to rivers was sometimes reversed, with recharge of the aquifer by the river in areas where the watertable was lowered. |
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Geologist David Bainbridge of Alliant International University also points out that there are scant few penalties against users who draw down water tables or deplete aquifers. |
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As of the committee hearing in 2007, we discovered that the government was committed with zeal to finish the mission of mapping these aquifers. |
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Rising sea levels threaten to swamp coastal groundwater aquifers with brackish water-making them unfit for human consumption. |
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It's quite schematic, and shouldn't be looked at as delimiting the aquifers. |
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Bedrock and surficial sediment both serve as important local aquifers in the region. |
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Concrete pavements designed with pervious concrete shoulders minimize surface-water discharge and help replenish groundwater aquifers. |
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Some may run off into rivers and lakes, and some may reemerge as springs or aquifers. |
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They are caused by rainwater percolation and can constitute a hazard for the soil and aquifers. |
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Groundwater is found at varying depths underneath the earth's surface, in permeable rocks known as aquifers which are saturated by the infiltration of rainfall. |
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In contrast with the energy sector, there is no known alternative to the progressive drying up of aquifers. |
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Rivers are drying up, underground aquifers are failing and water-based ecosystems are degrading fast. |
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The world's useable renewable freshwater resources are found in lakes, wetlands, rivers and aquifers. |
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Pumping can dry out springs, destroy habitats, devastate ecosystems, and drain aquifers. |
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Once cleaned out, these ponds, maintained by local people, can function as rainy season recharging sources for underground aquifers. |
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High concentrations are often related to individual drilled wells, but sometimes also to waterworks utilising rock or soil aquifers. |
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They should identify key parameters that they will monitor based on an agreed conceptual model of the aquifers or aquifer systems. |
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Field work for the study included hydrogeological characterization of key buried valleys and stratified moraine aquifers. |
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In addition to run-off, this sub-theme addresses a second major source of water that influences rivers: groundwater aquifers. |
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A percentage of the water molecules that make landfall also infiltrate the soil and become stored in underground reservoirs known as aquifers. |
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These include hydraulic conductivity and porosity of aquifers and aquitards, and the transmissivity and storage coefficient of aquifers. |
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Overdrawing from aquifers situated at a certain depth may cause subsidence as a consequence of the falling off of the hydraulic pressure. |
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Owing to the destruction of the discharge processes, salinization of aquifers might have occurred. |
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Among the strata, there are two confined aquifers, between which lies an aquiclude that is partially missing. |
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Until a UNESCO inventory in 2008, nobody knew even how many transboundary aquifers existed. |
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Groundwater recharge, as an important process that refills aquifers, generally occurs through the vadose zone from precipitation. |
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A qanat, a trench that occasionally brings water from aquifers beneath mountains hundreds of miles away, cuts across her land but is bone-dry. |
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Groundwater containing NaCl will upwell as springs discharging from aquifers. |
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I'm just wondering how we can do that when you have parties to this agreement that won't even discuss shared aquifers. |
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It is a karstic massif with an elongated shape less marked than the Urbasa massif, with four main aquifers. |
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Such an ecosystem may exist within aquifers, such as in karstic aquifers, and be dependent on the functioning of aquifers for its own survival. |
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Where sediment cover is thin, upland carbonate aquifers are karstic and yield significant quantities of water. |
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His work can be applied to the characterization and rehabilitation and contaminated soils and aquifers by immiscible organic liquids. |
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The infinite and inexorable movement of the earth's crust is calculably liable to shift the nuclear waste, when it will disperse in aquifers or on the surface. |
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The various types of medium depth aquifers include massive basalt, amygdaloidal basalt, trachyte, pyroclastics and tuffs. |
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But like other Iowan towns, Hull's shallow aquifers left its water supply vulnerable to contamination. |
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Until now, it has has been made up by the steady depletion of non-renewable aquifers. |
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What are the groundwater volumes stored, recharged and discharged, and the production rates and groundwater residence time of our aquifers? |
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It is a confined and artesian aquifer, isolated from the upper aquifers by an argillaceous layer. |
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Paludal tufas develop predominantly in waterlogged valley bottom situations, where line-sourced waters emerge from valley side and bottom aquifers. |
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However, as Dr. Boerner indicated earlier, we have conducted some very preliminary characterizations before mapping the aquifers. |
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The objective is to assess the groundwater resources within the Basin's unconsolidated and bedrock aquifers. |
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A strong educational effort must be implemented in order not to bequeath to posterity aquifers that are almost irreversibly polluted. |
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The underground aquifers needed far more rain to recharge, he said, and it just wasn't raining as hard as it did when he was growing up. |
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The city authorities argue that the water does not come from the local utility company, but from aquifers under the ground. |
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We would map our aquifers and deal with how our water exchange is occurring. |
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What kinds of studies have been made into the extent of aquifers and groundwater in the region? |
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Drinking water is either taken from surface waters such as lakes and rivers or groundwater sources such as aquifers. |
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Various regional centres and projects have been launched to improve the management of urban areas, rivers and aquifers, in Africa in Egypt. |
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Locally, thin sheets of gravel may extend the esker aquifer laterally to include aquifers at the contact between sediment and bedrock. |
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The present report is only intended to assist the Commission in making the required decision on the future work on transboundary aquifers. |
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The Council shall establish a common methodology for cataloguing aquifers in preparation for the implementation of the Inspire programme. |
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Local Supply: Water used for irrigation comes from ancient aquifers and is non-renewable. |
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Yes, some may still pollute their aquifers, but some have been polluting them for some time, for example with huge pig farms. |
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The aquifers and springs can provide water on a sustained basis only if areas of recharge, generally wetlands, are maintained and protected. |
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This project links both historical and current surface and climate processes to groundwater dynamics over key regional aquifers. |
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Such chemicals have made their way into aquifers and other water systems, threatening human and animal health. |
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Unsustainable agricultural production has therefore resulted in over-exploitation of fossil water reserves and the depletion of underground aquifers throughout the Arabian Peninsula. |
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On the arid plains of northern China, the depletion of shallow reservoirs has forced people to sink wells into aquifers more than 1 km below the surface. |
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Water is stored the way nature stores it in regenerated wetlands, recharged aquifers, and along recovered flood plains that are also refuges for wildlife. |
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By retaining the water in the drain, the aquifers have been recharged. |
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Today, we are not using the natural recharge in these aquifers. |
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The American Interest reports that vast aquifers of water have been found beneath the Sahara desert. |
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There are over 100 surface pumps that remove water from aquifers, geologic units where water is stored between grains of sand or in rock fissures. |
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Urbanization in turn leads to further adverse environmental effects, such as contamination of soils, surface water and aquifers through poor sanitation. |
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What we need is integrated catchment planning that deals with the management of the whole river, its associated aquifers and wetlands, and the land that drains into it. |
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The area is covered with layers of basalt, porous volcanic rock that has been collecting rain and snowmelt in underground aquifers for millions of years. |
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Use of salt for highways deicing is another source of contamination: when this salt washes off roads it may easily move with percolating water into underground aquifers. |
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Water that infiltrates the Earth's surface becomes groundwater, slowly seeping downward into extensive layers of porous soil and rock called aquifers. |
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Groundwater moves, at rates between 1m a year to 1m a day, through aquifers to outlets in rivers, wetlands, springs and the sea. |
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New Jerusalem's promise of access to pure, living water for everyone can also offer a prophetic critique of our damage to aquifers and rivers, a reminder of the preciousness of water in the ecology of life. |
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Hydrogeological studies and soil characterizations are conducted systematically to diagnose potential problems, evaluate risks to aquifers and discuss with the relevant authorities remediation or confinement actions. |
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If this process occurs elsewhere, desert aquifers may rank among the top three largest active carbon sinks on land, Li says. |
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During this project, one of the author's responsibilities was to determine the effective porosity in the aquifers and aquitards. |
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Groundwater from confined aquifers can discharge to the surface under pressure, creating artesian flow where the impermeable confining layer is breached. |
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Near-surface bedrock aquifers, such as fluvial sandstone, are important but their yield and quality are variable due to interbedded marine mudstone and isolated channel sand deposits. |
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It is also urgent to reinforce protection measures for groundwater, to make for lost time, taking into account the fragility of aquifers and the time needed for restoring degraded situations. |
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The rainwater that falls on forest-covered land tends to filter into the ground rather than run off precipitately, thus reducing erosion and flooding, and the underground aquifers collect greater quantities of water. |
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But despite living down the road, and on top of one of the country's largest aquifers, she says she struggles every day to find enough clean water to drink. |
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In large areas of India and China, groundwater levels are falling by 1 to 3 m per year, causing intrusion of seawater into aquifers and higher pumping costs and jeopardizing agricultural production. |
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Underground aquifers failed to regenerate. |
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Some aquifers, however, lie beneath layers of impermeable materials. |
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Groundwater obtained from bedrock aquifers throughout the entire region is generally considered to be hard and are therefore susceptible to scaling and poor taste. |
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A positive evaluation of these brackish aquifers, including volume, quality and capacity, was recently drawn up by a European firm specialising in this field. |
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During periods when recycled water is not sufficient to meet requirements for steam, the company turns to its second choice, brackish water from deep saline aquifers. |
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They explain how that competition can be used as a factor in predicting the movement of various metals through the vadose zone and aquifers. |
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Brine rich aquifers are expected to exhibit low resistivities and be contained within sedimentary units. |
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Some of the sandstones serve as aquifers into which numerous wells and boreholes have been sunk to provide local water supplies. |
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The study is expected to produce a new method for the identification of denitrification activity in aquifers where analysis of nitrate concentrations would otherwise be inconclusive. |
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Those factors strongly affect the efficiency of rainwater received and significantly influence the surface runoff into streams and wadis and the recharge of groundwater aquifers. |
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In their experiment, Bradley and Chapelle added radiolabeled toluene to soil from the aquifers. |
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All combined these signs of climate change help to exacerbate already acute fresh water problems in the Mediterranean, i.e. increased evaporation, rarefaction of the resource, salinization of coastal aquifers. |
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Sinking feeling PLANS to re-allocate certain water abstraction licences from rivers or aquifers have alarmed a landowners group. |
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That groundwater can be accessed by wells, although removing it can be risky since aquifers can run dry if too much water is demanded at once. |
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Water trickling down through the soil replenishes aquifers but not as quickly as California is currently emptying them. Once again, the private sector smells an opportunity. |
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They argue that the total volume of water in aquifers underground is 100 times the amount found on the surface. |
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Geothermal energy accumulated in aquifers or in hot dry rocks at a greater depth is a widely used source of energy. |
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Its applications are numerous: in addition to floods, the digital simulation works for broken levees, the management of complex aquifers, the dispersion of pollutants, and the modeling of wave or marine currents. |
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In 2006, an engineer of Sebou ABH stayed one week at the AESN to work on water quality and an AESN engineer participated in the Sebou water users' awareness on the management of aquifers and agricultural pollution. |
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The water in some aquifers will be fit to drink but in others it will have dissolved minerals such as iron and manganese, or even possibly ammonia. |
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Whereas transboundary aquifers might by their nature have an impact on or be of concern to a large number of States, that was not the case for transboundary hydrocarbon deposits. |
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Due to multiple situations and regional realities, the draft articles should recognize the primacy of regional agreements as the most appropriate to regulate cooperation as regards transboundary aquifers. |
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These inventories will help to further our understanding of the sustainable management of such aquifers and their relationship with surface water. |
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Winter rainfall is needed to recharge the chalk aquifers from which much of the water supply is drawn. |
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It also occurs in nature as snow, glaciers, ice packs and icebergs, clouds, fog, dew, aquifers, and atmospheric humidity. |
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Hydraulic fracturing will contaminate New York's aquifers. |
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The Pliocene consists of interbeded red brown clay, Paleonile, which acts as an aquiclude for the overlying Quaternary aquifers. |
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Groundwater in unconfined aquifers is often in direct connection with wetlands, rivers and lakes, and therefore provides discharge to these surface-water features. |
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Such rivers are typically fed from chalk aquifers which recharge from winter rainfall. |
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Models can illustrate important concepts, for example that aquifers or lakes take a long time to recover from pollution or degradation and that prevention is much more effective than trying to restore them. |
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Chalk aquifers and to a lesser extent winterbourne streams supply much of the water required by the surrounding settlements. |
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The forum will address problems of water scarcity, the risk of conflict as countries squabble over rivers, lakes and aquifers, and how to provide clean water and sanitation to billions. |
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Also, the contained waste materials no longer posed a threat to surrounding aquifers. |
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Coarse-grained sand, gravel, and fractured bedrock aquifers are particularly susceptible to widespread transport of viruses and other pathogenic organisms. |
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It may result from mixing of seawater with fresh water, as in estuaries, or it may occur in brackish fossil aquifers. |
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In some areas in Europe, the main motivator for using water abstraction taxes is over-abstraction, which threatens the sustainability of some aquifers and is causing salinization of others. |
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Some of this gas, they warn, escapes as it rises to the surface, contaminating aquifers on the way. Fans of fracking retort that, done right, the technique is safe and clean and that done right it for the most part is. |
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This goal will advance knowledge in 4 areas of the country, including complete flow characterization of individual aquifers to delineation of regional hydrostratigraphic units. |
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The water in lakes, rivers, and aquifers then either evaporates back to the atmosphere or eventually flows back to the ocean, completing a cycle. |
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But demand from the over 18 million residents in the great Mexico City area is sucking the aquifers dry and causing the city to slowly sink into the soft soil of the ancient lakebed. |
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All 30 of these aquifers have had a preliminary assessment where we've looked at whatever existing data there is about the aquifers and we've tried to assess what we can tell about those aquifer systems. |
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This runoff causes increased pollution in rivers and streams, flash floods and loss of rainwater that could otherwise replenish water tables and aquifers. |
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One of the important areas of hydrology is the interchange between rivers and aquifers. |
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For the rest of the year, abstractors can use water that has been stored during the wet months in the big reservoir at Ardingly, and they can pump up water through boreholes sunk into the underground aquifers. |
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Many species live in underground lakes, underground rivers or aquifers and are popularly known as cavefish. |
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Even if the rains return later in the year, they will not help much: greater evaporation and thirstier plants mean that little summer rain makes it into rivers or aquifers. |
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Building more wells in adequate places is thus a possible way to produce more water, assuming the aquifers can supply an adequate flow. |
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Those bypassed leachate fluxes will subsequently interact with downstream fluviolacustrine aquifers and eventually discharge into the Yellow River south of the study site under the idealized simulation environment. |
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Agriculture is a major draw on water from aquifers, and currently draws from those underground water sources at an unsustainable rate. |
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In recent years development projects have started in the deserts of Algeria and Tunisia using irrigated water pumped from underground aquifers. |
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There are three things: aquifers, aquitards and aquicludes. |
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All three of these formations play a role in deep CO2 injection, with aquifers providing the pore space for storage, and aquitards and aquicludes providing the physical trapping mechanisms. |
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An Atlas containing thematic maps and summarizing key information on the Valley aquifers is presently being finalized and will be available by the end of this fiscal year. |
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In neighbouring Yemen, replenishable aquifers are being pumped well beyond the rate of recharge, and the deeper fossil aquifers are also being rapidly depleted. |
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The state has about 1,500 bodies of surface water, along with underground aquifers in most parts of the state. |
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As an alternative title, hydrogeology is normally considered to specifically refer to the study of structures holding aquifers and subterranean water. |
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From 1991-2001, the NAWQA Program established a baseline understanding of water quality conditions in 51 of the Nation's river basins and aquifers. |
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Being so densely populated, Barbados has made great efforts to protect its underground aquifers. |
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The salination of the freshwater aquifers on a number of islands and the erosion of topsoil have rendered a large part of the limited arable land unusable and unfit for agriculture. |
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China's thirst for industry and irrigation has combined with climate change to drain the aquifers, some of which hold fossil water that has lain undisturbed for millennia. |
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Some of the deepest groundwater aquifers lie hundreds of meters below the surface and contain fossil water, water that has remained in an aquifer for thousands of years. |
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Water tables are falling throughout the region as demand from rapidly urbanising and industrializing populations exceeds supply from fossil water and local aquifers. |
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There is, for instance, the scientific cooperation around transboundary aquifers, which is organized for example with the countries sharing one of the world's most important aquifers, that of Nubia. |
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Three years of drought, decades of overuse and now the oil industry's outsize demands on water for fracking are running down reservoirs and underground aquifers. |
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But unlike Punjab, whose alluvial aquifers in equilibrium are recharged by monsoonal rain and leakage from irrigation canals, Andhra Pradesh relies entirely on the monsoon for its groundwater replenishment. |
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Water in aquifers underground can be exposed to levels of CO2 much higher than atmospheric. |
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The most important in terms of the river are the extensive sandstone and limestone aquifers that underlie many of the tributary catchments. |
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There are also baseflow contributions from the major aquifers in the catchment. |
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Eight of these aquifers lost significant water over the decade and were classified as overstressed, with nearly no natural water replenishment to offset withdrawals. |
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Although all water bodies on the surface and in aquifers contain dissolved salts, the water must evaporate into the atmosphere for the minerals to precipitate. |
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This comprises Lower Coal Measures overlying Millstone Grit, both of which are classified as minor aquifers which will only hold relatively small amounts of water. |
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Western Maine aquifers and springs are a major source of bottled water. |
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A further challenge is getting the desalinated water into the aquifers. |
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There are a number of geophysical methods for characterising aquifers. |
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Many towns and cities are located along rivers flowing from the hills and in northwest England the lack of natural aquifers is compensated for by reservoirs. |
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In highly karstified aquifers, however, the contaminant transport may depend primarily on the karst conduit network rather than matrix hydraulic conductivity. |
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The Sardinian soils, even those plains are slightly permeable, with aquifers of lacking and sometimes brackish water and very small natural reserves. |
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The government has placed great emphasis on protecting the catchment areas that lead directly into the huge network of underground aquifers and streams. |
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