| The environments of the adaxial and abaxial leaf surface differ in many ways. |
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| Adaxial and abaxial leaflet surfaces were observed using scanning electron microscopy. |
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| The abaxial surface of the leaf was painted with nail varnish to obtain a transparent surface mould. |
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| An undulating, thick cuticle covers a primary wall of the surface of abaxial epidermal cells. |
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| The staminode in other Asteridae families is on the adaxial side and a corolla lobe is the abaxial perianth organ. |
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| Prickles on the adaxial and abaxial leaflet surfaces of A. spinosa are associated with all reticulate vein orders. |
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| The mesophyll with large vascular bundles resembles an I-beam construction connecting the adaxial and abaxial surfaces. |
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| The teeth are equally thickened and less prominently trabeculate on both adaxial and abaxial sides. |
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| The adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the investigated leaves of Styrian oil pumpkin showed numerous glandular trichomes and bristle hairs. |
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| The density of peltate glandular trichomes on the abaxial surface of a fully developed leaf is typically about 1600 per cm. |
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| The outer layer of the abaxial epidermis contains sunken stomata with strongly fluorescing chloroplasts in the guard cells. |
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| Major differences in fluorescence responses were detected between adaxial and abaxial tissues of sun leaves. |
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| A new leaf forms on the adaxial side of a pre-existing leaf and also on the abaxial side of a leaf on flowering shoots. |
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| The two adaxial sepals are formed in succession, and the two abaxial petals become visible. |
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| This method resulted in transparent replicas of the adaxial and abaxial leaf surface. |
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| The abaxial side of leaves, consisting of the lower epidermis and the cuticle, was peeled using tweezers, weighed, and placed in a counting vial. |
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| The microsprophylls of cycads are arranged in strobili and bear clusters of microsporangia on their abaxial surface. |
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| In fertile plants, sori are produced on the abaxial side of the leaves in summer. |
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| They were usually present on the dorsal side and less often on the abaxial side of a seed. |
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| These findings support the view that abaxial and adaxial stomatal development may also be under independent control. |
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| The terms adaxial and abaxial are used conventionally, although there is no evidence of a shoot apex between the distichous leaves. |
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| Striations of thick epicuticular wax are present on both adaxial and abaxial epidermal cells. |
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| For this reason, separate mechanisms of acclimation for regulation of stomatal density on adaxial and abaxial surfaces have been proposed. |
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| The abaxial and adaxial stomatal densities were determined from the equation. |
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| Sporulation is visible as a grey covering on leaves, starting on the more humid abaxial side. |
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| Infected tomato plants show foliar curling and chlorosis, unique purpling on the abaxial side of leaves and shortened internodes. |
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| Along the abaxial and adaxial margins of the leaf the subepidermal vascular bundles are interspersed with fibre bundles in the chlorophyllous mesophyll. |
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| However, the presence of both adaxial and abaxial stomata on leaves of T. pusillum var. texanum did differentiate it from other taxa in this species complex. |
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| In the epidermis of third-year leaves, the densest silica deposition was observed in silica cells of both the adaxial and abaxial epidermises as in first-year leaves. |
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| The floral organ differentiation occurs centripetally and is initiated with the differentiation of the abaxial tepal primordium, followed by the other tepal primordia. |
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| Spider mites, when present, were found on the abaxial side of the leaf, thus only this side was used in counting for infestation calculations. |
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| Argyreia 1 is the only one that possesses sinuate epidermal cell walls on the adaxial surface, whereas most of them have this type of epidermal cell wall on the abaxial side, except A. breviscapa and A. variabilis. |
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| Microsporangia, which are found on the abaxial surface of microsporophylls, are usually numerous several hundred in Cycas, several dozen in Zamia and arranged in small clusters of two to five. |
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| The main nerve, very protuberant, in the adaxial and abaxial face, was strengthened by laminar collenchyma. |
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| For orchids, this includes the abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces, stems, pseudobulbs, inflorescences, under sheaths, and possibly the roots. |
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| Based on Dawson's drawings, a deep indentation is evident on the abaxial side of the vascular bundle of all of the leaf scars. |
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| Blackbrush leaves are hypostomatic, implying that stomates are located on the abaxial epidermis only. |
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| The vascular traces are difficult to discern, but at least one appears to show abaxial indentation, a diagnostic feature of Artisophyton. |
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| The leaves are generally amphistomatic, with more stomata present on the abaxial surface. |
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| The leaves had collateral vascular bundles with the phloem turned to the abaxial surface. |
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| Adaxial and abaxial midveins of one pinnule also show different widths, epidermal morphologies, and differing degrees of cutinization. |
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| The leaves typically are distichous and may be 3-25 cm long and 2-8 mm wide with a basally pilose adaxial surface and a glabrous to pubescent abaxial surface. |
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| Within the abaxial and adaxial epidermal cells of the leaf pinnules of this species, there are arm-like projections where chloroplasts agglomerate. |
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| The distribution of scales in these squamate species varies widely, but at least some are always present between the veins on the abaxial side of the blade. |
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| The number of salt glands per unit leaf area was reported to be equivalent on the adaxial and abaxial leaf epidermis in Aeluropus littoralis Parl. |
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| The lobule margins, furthermore, are arched away from the lobe, with the consequence that the abaxial leaf surface forms the interior lining of the lobule. |
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| Interference-contrast micrograph through the abaxial surface of a proximal cell of a phyllidium of Tortula ruralis ten minutes after rehydration from the desiccated state. |
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| Intra-leaf and intracellular gradients in chloroplast ultrastructure of dorsiventral leaves illuminated from the adaxial or abaxial side during their development. |
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| Cell shape is usually irregular in all species except Portulaca grandiflora Hook that is isodiametric on the adaxial surface and irregular on the abaxial surface. |
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