How to use Pleistocene in a sentence

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Sentence Examples Woolly mammoths, which are now extinct, lived from the Pleistocene to the early Holocene period from about 120,000 to 4,000 years ago. Yet the Pleistocene was also characterized by the presence of distinctive large land mammals and birds. Together, the Pleistocene and Holocene make up the Quaternary period, marked by waxing and waning of polar glaciers. African and Asian elephants are the only members of the Order Proboscidea that were not lost in the megafaunal crisis of the late Pleistocene. It strongly supports Pliocene and Pleistocene australopithecines being ancestral not to humans but to modern African pongids. First, no haplotypes are shared between Holocene and Pleistocene spotted hyenas. Several minerals, classified as drift minerals in this article, are present in Pleistocene glacial deposits. The hole penetrated 366 m of Lower Pleistocene and Neogene hemipelagic deposits, and terminated in the uppermost Miocene. They believe the presence of these proboscideans would restore the balance that existed in Pleistocene times between grazers and large browsers. In general, species richness in the Miocene and Pliocene was high whereas Pleistocene and Recent diversity is very low. The Australian fossil record of monotremes also includes some quite good Miocene and Pleistocene fossils of giant echidnas. Myths about giants and oversize human ancestors need not be linked to the finding of Pleistocene mammoth bones. Until the late Pleistocene era 11,000 to 50,000 years ago, big, exotic mammals and flightless birds roamed the planet. The sea otter's range was restricted to the North Pacific basin, at least from the Pleistocene onward. So how did our prehuman and early human ancestresses living in the Pleistocene Epoch manage to get those calories? In one refuge cave, a palaeontologist is excavating a Pleistocene tapir skeleton. Many paleontologists study Pleistocene fossils in order to understand the climates of the past. The Mindel is a major division of Pleistocene time and deposits in the Alpine region of Europe. In Japan, decapods associated with coral reef deposits were described in Miocene and Pliocene and Pleistocene rocks. They have been widely used biostratigraphically in Jurassic to Pleistocene rock sequences. Show More Sentences The landward extent of the embayment fill abuts the western side of the Woakwine Range, a Pleistocene barrier. It seems to have done best in Late Pleistocene times, as the glaciers of the last ice age were retreating. Probably only the cause of the Pleistocene ice age has generated as many bewildering theories. Our Pleistocene hominid forebears were exploiters of the savannas and their adjacent gallery forests. Because beetle elytra may be common fossils in Pleistocene deposits, they are often important sources of data on Pleistocene environments. In the Pleistocene, gray wolves shared the region with C. dirus, the dire wolf. Axarus larvae almost always infest varved clay deposits that are remnants of Pleistocene glacial lakes. Silt and varved clay, probably deposited during the last stages of Pleistocene glaciation, cover the entire floor. The culmination of the cooling trend was the Pleistocene epoch, or Great Ice Age, of the last 1.8 million years. The Pleistocene epoch occurred between about 1.8 million and 10,500 years ago. During the Pleistocene, herds of giant wombats the size of a rhinoceros roamed the plains of southern Australia. Late Pleistocene to Holocene eruptive activity in the Taapaca Volcanic Complex has been characterised by repetitive periods of dome growth. Globally, sea level has been rising slowly but surely since the end of the Pleistocene ice age. In the United States, stark latitudinal changes in vegetative cover were prominent during the transition from Pleistocene to Holocene conditions. During Pleistocene times this resulted in a glacial climate and widespread continental glaciations in high latitudes. However, there have been at least four significant glacial episodes prior to the Pleistocene glaciations. This is an area of North American that has been periodically glaciated during the Pleistocene. The sediments were laid down in the late Pleistocene as broad alluvial fans derived from the nearby Santa Monica Mountains. The great abundance of bones of large herbivores in the Yedoma is convincing evidence of the rich pasturage offered by this region during the Pleistocene. Recent developments in Pleistocene stratigraphy have enabled a better correlation to be made of terrestrial sequences with the much more complete marine sequences. Show More Sentences Beneath a thin veneer of Pleistocene sediments, it encountered a thick sequence of Cenozoic and Jurassic strata separated by major unconformities. The sediments recovered are of Early Pleistocene to Late Pliocene age. Even the retro-metallic anthems of Passions tend to skitter dangerously on some trebly echophonic cliff, rather than plod into a Pleistocene tar pit. For instance, during the Pleistocene glaciations, the high altitude areas were probably nearer to distinct kinds of open vegetation, while forests were retracting. The origin of the Brejos has been associated with humid paleoclimates established after the middle Tertiary, especially during interglacial phases of the Pleistocene. Geologically, this was a deep valley eroded by the Mississippi during the Pleistocene Era when the sea level was 200 feet below its present stand. His writings were many and ranged over such subjects as diverse as slaty cleavage, metamorphic rocks, plutons, and Pleistocene glaciation in the Isle of Skye. A wonderful guide to Pleistocene ecology, this book describes the flora that evolved in association with large mammals, birds, and other megafauna that are now extinct. The main difference is the proportion of omnivorous species, which are represented exclusively by the bear because suids are absent from Europe during the early Pleistocene. None of the streams draining upland areas of the Southeast were glaciated during Pleistocene ice ages or inundated by Cretaceous seas during interglacial periods. Dinerstein believes bears, wolves, bison, and elk are the way to go if the goal is to restore the grandeur of the Pleistocene to the Great Plains. This book shows the dynamic effects of the many periods of Pleistocene glacial advance and melting on the geology and topography of the northwestern United States. The preserve, dubbed Pleistocene Park, could feature not only mammoths, but also extinct species of deer, woolly rhinoceroses, and even saber-toothed cats, he said. Gypsum crystals are present, occurring in Pleistocene glacial lake beds of bluish-gray silt and clay that are exposed along the banks of the creek. No mammal of today has a comparable anatomy of the limbs, but several extinct groups like the Eocene to Pleistocene chalicotheres show similar adaptations. At that point, around the time of the transition from the Pleistocene to the Holocene, a rapid warming began the shift toward modern climatic conditions. In the Late Pleistocene, Beringia was a mosaic of biological communities. The habitat requirements of elk and their speed of migration are probably the same today as at the end of the Pleistocene. Today the geologists of different nations are taking more of an interest in Pleistocene glaciology. The yellow-cheeked vole, for example, shared its south-eastern United States habitat with the eastern pack rat in late Pleistocene times. Show More Sentences Childe's view prevails that the term generally covers the period between the end of the Pleistocene and the start of the Neolithic. The earliest fossil finds of the species come from both Europe and Asia, and date back to the Early Pleistocene. The oldest modern polecat fossils occur in Germany, Britain and France, and date back to the Middle Pleistocene. From there, it presumably recolonized the North Pacific Ocean during high glaciation periods in the Pleistocene via the Central American Seaway. In European Pleistocene deposits, remains of small cats are not common, and indicate a close relationship to the European wildcat. During the late Pleistocene era, reindeer occurred as far south as Nevada and Tennessee in North America, and as far south as Spain in Europe. It is not evident in the Pleistocene Wallacean evidence, as has just been demonstrated. This Mill Creek specimen represents the first fossil leporid from the Pleistocene of Michigan. Among these was basaltic volcanism spread on both sides of the fracture zone during the Late Neogene and Pleistocene. Trace fossils from Late Pleistocene varved lacustrine sediments in eastern Lithuania. Pleistocene paleoproductivity evidence from organic carbon and foraminiferal species. There is no molecular study dealing with the Pleistocene American lion that would provide clarification of lineages. The first preserved leafcutter bees from the Pleistocene epoch have turned up in the La Brea Tar Pits in Los Angeles. Pleistocene dire wolves, gray wolves, and the current red wolf recovery effort will be presented. However, the gomphotheres and giant ground-sloths disappeared about 13,000 years ago, toward the end of the last Ice Age of the Pleistocene. The timing of megafaunal extinction in the late Late Pleistocene on the Japanese archipelago. Differential cementation of a Pleistocene carbonate fanglomerate, Guadalupe Mountains. Middle and Late Pleistocene Macrofaunas of the Neuwied Basin Region of West Germany. Dwarf elephants, dwarf hippopotamus, dwarf deer, and giant flightless owls were native to Pleistocene Crete. In the Early Pleistocene, the Rhine followed a course to the northwest, through the present North Sea. Show More Sentences Geologically, the feature is most likely a moraine, formed during the Pleistocene. In common with the rest of Scotland, Yell was covered in thick ice sheets during the Pleistocene ice ages. This region was a large, active dune field during the Pleistocene epoch, but today is largely stabilized by grass cover. There was a major extinction of large mammals in Northern areas at the end of the Pleistocene Epoch. Fossils first described in 2002 indicated that, during the Pleistocene epoch, bearded seals ranged as far south as South Carolina. The Happisburgh footprints were a set of fossilized hominid footprints that date to the early Pleistocene. The origin of the Sardinian ichnusae subspecies is uncertain, as it is absent from Pleistocene deposits in their current homeland. The species likely evolved from the Chinese Meles thorali of the early Pleistocene. Large deer with impressive antlers evolved during the early Pleistocene, probably as a result of abundant resources to drive evolution. In addition, Africa has the largest number of megafauna species, as it was least affected by the extinction of the Pleistocene megafauna. After that, the Pleistocene ice age covered the whole continent and destroyed all major plant life on it. The notoungulate mesotheriids and hegetotheriids also managed to hold on at least part way through the Pleistocene. The existence of this distant branch creates a much more complex picture of humankind during the Late Pleistocene than previously thought. It is the third epoch of Gabriel de Mortillet's cave chronology system, corresponding roughly to the Late Pleistocene. This ice sheet was the primary feature of the Pleistocene epoch in North America, commonly referred to as the ice age. During the Pleistocene epoch, global cooling led periodically to the expansion of glaciers and lowering of sea levels. This confirmation of a human presence in the Americas during the Pleistocene inspired many people to start looking for evidence of early humans. The Verkhoyansk Range was extensively glaciated in the Pleistocene, but the climate was too dry for glaciation to extend to low elevations. The current Holocene interglacial began at the end of the Pleistocene, about 11,700 years ago. During the Pleistocene, giant dormice the size of large rats, such as Leithia melitensis, lived on the islands of Malta and Sicily. Show More Sentences The Pliocene follows the Miocene Epoch and is followed by the Pleistocene Epoch. This supports the proposition that early human populations moved from Africa into Arabia during the Late Pleistocene. The geology of the archipelago is characterized by the effects of the Andean orogeny and the repeated Pleistocene glaciations. In the early 1970s, they introduced the term Greater Australia for the Pleistocene continent. The valley formation is dated to the Late Pliocene and early Pleistocene uplift unconformity. Horse bones from this time period, the late Pleistocene, are found in Europe, Eurasia, Beringia, and North America. The rocks consist of sandstones, shales, siltstones and clays formed in the Miocene and uplifted in the Pleistocene. A number of claw fossils have been recovered from Pliocene and Pleistocene sediments in Florida and South Carolina. This plunging anticline is made up of Petrified Forest mudstones and sandstone and its caprock is made of Pleistocene and Holocene travertine. A new approach to interpreting Late Pleistocene microlith industries in south-west Asia. The ground sloth Megalonyx from the Pleistocene Camelot local fauna, Dorchester County, South Carolina. The whole of Scotland was covered by ice sheets during the Pleistocene ice ages and the landscape is much affected by glaciation. The Channel is of geologically recent origins, having been dry land for most of the Pleistocene period. Several Pleistocene glacial episodes scooped out the river bed into the sea basin. The genetic information also indicated that a second, Pleistocene migration of bison over the land bridge occurred 21,000 to 45,000 years ago. As the last and most derived member of the Pleistocene rhinoceros lineage, the woolly rhinoceros was well adapted to its environment. Many species of Pleistocene megafauna, like the woolly rhinoceros, became extinct around the same time period. In between the Tertiary rocks of the north, and the relatively new sediments along the coast, is a vast belt known as the Pleistocene Terraces. The geography of the North has been heavily shaped by the ice sheets of the Pleistocene era, which often reached as far south as the Midlands. The modern attributes place it close to European early modern humans among Late Pleistocene samples. Show More Sentences These Happisburgh footprints were dated to at least 800,000 years ago, the early Pleistocene. The entire region was covered by ice sheets during the Pleistocene ice ages, save perhaps for a few nunataks. The Pleistocene glaciations almost entirely covered Scotland in ice, and Arran's highest peaks may have been nunataks at this time. In common with the rest of Scotland the whole region was affected by Pleistocene glaciations. The end of the Pleistocene corresponds with the end of the last glacial period and also with the end of the Paleolithic age used in archaeology. The Pleistocene is the first epoch of the Quaternary Period or sixth epoch of the Cenozoic Era. In the ICS timescale, the Pleistocene is divided into four stages or ages, the Gelasian, Calabrian, Ionian and Tarantian. Pleistocene climate was marked by repeated glacial cycles in which continental glaciers pushed to the 40th parallel in some places. Local ice caps existed in Irian Jaya, Indonesia, where in three ice areas remnants of the Pleistocene glaciers are still preserved today. The repeated glaciations of the Pleistocene were caused by the same factors. Glaciation in the Pleistocene was a series of glacials and interglacials, stadials and interstadials, mirroring periodic changes in climate. The evolution of anatomically modern humans took place during the Pleistocene. The reflection of energy into space resulted in a global cooling, triggering the Pleistocene Ice Age. Based on fossil calibration, the Hawaiian mtDNA lineage probably diverged around the Middle Pleistocene. Alternatively, this lineage may have spread from the North Pacific to the Arctic and subsequently the North Atlantic during the Pleistocene. When sea levels were lower during the Pleistocene ice ages, greater areas of continental shelf were exposed as dry land, forming land bridges. A new ichnospecies of Gastrochaenolites Leymerie from the Pleistocene Port Morant Formation of southeast Jamaica and the taphonomy of calcareous linings in clavate borings. The upper boundary was set at the start of the Pleistocene glaciations. In 1968 Valoch described some 'flakes of hornstone suggestive of human workmanship' recovered from early Middle Pleistocene scree-deposits in the 1910-1945 excavations. The animal probably originated in Southeast Asia during the Early Pleistocene, and outcompeted other suid species as it spread throughout the Old World. Show More Sentences Such situations can serve as refuges for certain Pleistocene relicts, such as Townsend's pocket gopher, while at the same time creating barriers for biological dispersal. The populations in the western Mediterranean Sea are thought to be the oldest, with the species' spread across the north Atlantic thought to postdate the Pleistocene. Geological surveys show that before the Pleistocene, instead of the Baltic Sea, there was a wide plain around a great river paleontologists call the Eridanos. The O'Neill age class, defined by Moore and Wolfe as extrusive rocks of the Holocene and youngest Pleistocene, encompasses sites from 1,000 to 150,000 years old. It was preceded by the Younger Dryas, the last cold snap of the Pleistocene, and followed by the Atlantic, a warmer and moister period than our most recent climate. These lunettes are relicts of a Late Pleistocene deflationary period, when the lacustrine hydrology changed from perennial water-filled lakes to dessicated mudflats. In the Pleistocene period, most of the earlier soil in the northern part was obliterated by advancing and retrenching glaciers, leaving a complex stratigraphy. Cenozoic gravigrade edentates of western North America, with special reference to the Pleistocene Megalonychinae and Mylodontidae of Rancho la Brea. We took turns watching this game of Pleistocene soccer through the spotting scopes, and I thought about musk oxen in both my inner and outer worlds. The Mesolithic period began at the end of the Pleistocene epoch, some 10,000 BP, and ended with the introduction of agriculture, the date of which varied by geographic region. This line is based on the lack of mastodont, mammoth, and other Pleistocene vertebrate remains as well as Paleo-Indian artifacts north of the line. In some areas, such as the Near East, agriculture was already underway by the end of the Pleistocene, and there the Mesolithic is short and poorly defined. About 450,000 years ago, in the most extreme Ice Age of the Pleistocene, the Anglian, the furthest southern extent of the ice sheet was at Hornchurch in east London. Siberia, in particular Yakutia, is of paleontological significance, as it contains bodies of prehistoric animals from the Pleistocene Epoch, preserved in ice or permafrost. Sandy Pleistocene sediments occur as fluvial sediments along rivers and streams and as a very thin and patchy surficial layer of either colluvium or eluvium. The region is of paleontological significance, as it contains bodies of prehistoric animals from the Pleistocene Epoch, preserved in ice or permafrost. Many of these would disappear before the start of the Pleistocene. The Pleistocene cave lion, Panthera spalaea from Yakutia, Russia. Scientists suggest that climate change during the end of the Pleistocene caused the mammoths' habitat to shrink in size, resulting in a drop in population. The Pleistocene covers the recent period of repeated glaciations. Show More Sentences The Pleistocene climate was characterized by repeated glacial cycles during which continental glaciers pushed to the 40th parallel in some places. The traditional span of the Tertiary has been divided between the Paleogene and Neogene periods and extends to the first stage of the Pleistocene Epoch, the Gelasian stage. Large samples of Middle Pleistocene Palearctic Dicrostonyx cf. Nothrotheriops shastense, the Shasta giant ground sloth, lived throughout the range of the Joshua tree in the Pleistocene, up until about 12,000 years ago. The gap was formed by the dropping of the Craven Faults in the Carboniferous through Jurassic periods combined with glacial scouring by ice sheets in the Pleistocene Ice Age. In a few geologically active areas such as the Southern California coast, Pleistocene marine deposits may be found at elevations of several hundred meters. The fossil evidence from many continents points to the extinction of large animals, termed Pleistocene megafauna, near the end of the last glaciation. Examples from Classical Literature All are of late Pleistocene Age and well within the present geographic range of the cottonmouth. The names of currently recognized glacial and interglacial ages of the Pleistocene are listed below. It will be convenient to divide these into two groups, the Recent and the Pleistocene. In short, for months my companions and I travelled and hunted in the Pleistocene. There has not been time to erode them away since the Pleistocene glaciation. Present patterns of distribution are attributed to bioclimatic fluctuation in the Pleistocene. This deposit is considered by Mr. prestwich to be equivalent to other high-level gravels of the Pleistocene period. All of the known fossils of it are lower jaws of Pleistocene Age. They are referred to the dawn of the Quaternary or Pleistocene period. Our project focuses on the Late Pleistocene human settlement of the central area of the Iberian Peninsula. The basin fill consists of Permo-Carboniferous Gondwana Group, Pliocene Dupi Tila Formation and Pleistocene Madhupur Clay. Records of Pleistocene reptiles and amphibians from Florida. It is known that the Pleistocene was a time of augmented waste delivery. A single toad ilium from the late Pleistocene represents the first report of the class Amphibia from the Michigan fossil record. Yet glaciation is now far less extensive than in the Pleistocene. A massive woolly rhinoceros skeleton dates to the Pleistocene Epoch of the Quaternary Period. The most widespread geologic feature is Pleistocene loess which forms a thick mantle over the underlying bedrock. Reimer, 2014, A Late Pleistocene record of climate and environmental change from the northern and southern Kelabit Highlands of Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. The animal, from the Pleistocene period, became extinct 35,000 years ago. 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