| When exposed to an antigen, that is a virus or a bacterium, the body produces antibodies. |
| A new acetogenic bacterium, Clostridium ljungdahlii, was named in recognition of Dr. Ljungdahl's groundbreaking research into acetogenesis. |
| Tetanus, also called lockjaw, is a disease with uncontrolled muscle spasms caused by a bacterium in a local wound. |
| Mosquitoes can carry the malaria parasite or West Nile virus, and deer ticks may carry the bacterium that causes Lyme disease. |
| In New York five people are confirmed to have been exposed to the bacterium, of whom two have developed anthrax. |
| This bacterium is primarily carried by birds such as parakeets, parrots, pigeons, turkeys, and ducks. |
