Though they have spiracles, most respiration is probably through the body wall as they seldom come to the surface for air. |
The water boatman breathes by spiracles, and carries his supply of air with him. |
When they require air they simply absorb it through the spiracles on their sides. |
It has long been suggested that insects close the spiracles to prevent desiccation, minimizing water loss but exposing themselves to hypoxic stress. |
Water is taken in through the spiracles, passed over the gills, and expelled through the gill slits on the underside of the body. |
Catsharks have moderately large spiracles, or respiratory openings, and five pairs of gill slits. |