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What is a scutum?

What is a scutum? Here are some definitions.

Noun
  1. (historical, Roman antiquity) An oblong shield made of boards or wickerwork covered with leather, with sometimes an iron rim; carried chiefly by the heavy-armed infantry of the Roman army.
  2. (zoology) A scute.
  3. (zoology) In many contexts a shield-like protection, such as the scutum protecting the back of a hard tick
  4. (zoology) One of the two lower valves of the operculum of a barnacle.
  5. (obsolete) A penthouse or awning.
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At the entrance to one of the galleries stands a Roman military shield, or scutum, a semicylindrical piece made of wood and rawhide that a soldier held in front of him for head-to-toe protection.
The Roman scutum was of wood covered with linen and sheepskin.
If we imagine the scutum and tergum in the third sub-variety of var.
The scutum, ossicles, and tegmen tympani are common sites for erosion.
And as four virgates went usually to each hide, so each virgate should contribute 116 of a scutum.
On the thorax, the scutal width was measured at the level of the supra-alar setae, and the scutellar width along the area of contact with the scutum.

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