| Weights were then progressively added to the weighing boat which caused the petiole to bend, curving upwards. |
| The downwardly curved petiole twists away from the wind, so its ventral surface points downwind. |
| With the exception of petiole length, pulvinus length and stipule length, the other leaf characteristics overlap between the two species. |
| The vaginate sheath of Ligularia is observed in the petiole of cauline leaves as well as in that of radical leaves. |
| Leaf, petiole, and internode lengths were measured with a ruler and petiole and internode diameters were measured with digital callipers. |
| It should be pointed out that by day 6 the leaf blade, the petiole and the stem cortex had lost a similar percentage of water. |
