| The negative and positive signs on the ordinate mean, respectively, underestimation and overestimation of the expected values. |
| This overestimation means many taxpayers are able to deduct amounts that are actually private expenses. |
| A problem with working with this ratio directly is that it tends to penalize overestimation more heavily than underestimation. |
| Reducing the rest period before measurement of blood pressure to under four minutes risks significant overestimation. |
| This warns against inadvertent overestimation due to the original sampling procedure in experimental assays. |
| This overestimation affects the average behavior of the system, and depending on the model can even yield qualitatively wrong results. |
