| Open image in new window Fig. 11 Aorto-duodenal fistulae in a 75-year-old male patient presenting with melena and haematemesis. |
| Occasionally, the ingestion of black licorice, lead, iron supplements, or blueberries can cause black stool and false melena. |
| Mr A's past medical history is significant for gastrointestinal bleeding, although, currently, he denies nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, or melena. |
| The first occurs with abundant hematemesis and melena in the second as a sudden and massive heart failure. |
| At external examination, blood smears on the body surface resulting from hematemesis or melena were present in 40 cases. |
| A 66-year-old woman with no previous history of malignancy presented with melena. |
