| A second insulator layer electrically insulates the wires from the electroconductor layer and the semiconductor substrate. |
| If the voltage is high enough, the insulator flashes over causing a short circuit of the system. |
| Under this condition, an insulator, which previously prevented the flow of electricity, becomes a conductor. |
| One way to prevent flashover is to add some conductivity to the surface of the insulator, so charge can bleed away before it builds up. |
| Both mutations are caused by the presence of the gypsy insulator between the enhancer and promoter sequences of the cut and yellow genes. |
| The air trapped between layers acts as an insulator to reduce heat transmission. |
