Intravenous cholangiography is rarely used now as opacification of the bile ducts is poor, particularly in jaundiced patients, and anaphylaxis remains a problem. |
But I think there is pretty compelling evidence that one reason it hasn't happened is that when I do a cholecystectomy, I routinely perform intraoperative cholangiography. |
They address both classic indications in neurology and orthopedics and MR cholangiography, urography, and colongraphy. |
How reliable is intraoperative cholangiography as a method for detecting common bile duct stones? |
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography can also be performed to demonstrate the patency of the common bile duct. |
Your doctor can clinch the diagnosis with various kinds of scan, including ultrasound scanning, X-ray oral cholecystography, ERPC, or a cholangiography. |