| Causes and effects The structure of thalidomide is similar to that of the DNA purine bases adenine and guanine. |
| This implies that the chain was tilted with respect to the surface, while the adenine group was perpendicular to the surface. |
| These bases are adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine and can be represented as A, C, G, and T, respectively. |
| There are several metabolic pathways for biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in bacteria. |
| All three enzymes showed a marked preference for adenine over guanine nucleotides. |
| For instance, the adenine nucleotide, adenosine, can theoretically be produced entirely abiotically. |
