| Coinage in both England and Francia was used as a means of affirming royal authority, though the volume of production of early medieval coinage is still in question. |
| To the south of Sussex lay the English Channel, beyond which lay Francia, or the Kingdom of the Franks. |
| It originated in the 7th century as a duchy of Francia, ultimately a recreation of the Roman provinces of Aquitania Prima and Secunda. |
| In 782, Charlemagne abolished the system of Gaue and replaced it with the Grafschaftsverfassung, the system of counties typical of Francia. |
| The continued existence of a West Frankish dialect in the Western, Romanized part of Francia is uncertain. |
| In Francia legal manuscripts acquired Germanic glosses, but no full-scale translation. |
