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What is a CRISPR?

What is a CRISPR? Here are some definitions.

Noun
  1. (microbiology) Segments of bacteria and archaea DNA containing short repetitions of base sequences. [from 2002]
  2. (genetics) The CRISPR/Cas9 system, which functions to provide immunity to bacteria and archaea by finding a section of DNA and replacing it with an alternative.
  3. Any technique or process or system for editing genomes by laboratory use of the CRISPR/Cas9 system.
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The vertical axis lists strains containing CRISPR spacers that target a bifibacterial prophage sequence.
The downside is that using Crispr on somatic cells is far more complex: humans have trillions of cells and many different cell types.
This limited the CRISPR system to its minimal functional components and thus illuminated its potential as a powerful genome editing tool.
Table 1 gives a description of CRISPR regions in Streptococcus pneumoniae and viridans group streptococci.
Indeed, using Crispr in non-reproductive cells – somatic cells – could cure many diseases.
Crispr has been developed from a mechanism used by some bacteria to defend themselves against viruses.

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