How to use surface area in a sentence

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Sentence Examples This explanation is flimsy, as chamfering generally involves rounding off the edges, rather than altering 70 percent of its surface area. By such thickening, mesophyll surface area per leaf area becomes greater in sun leaves than in shade leaves. To make matters worse, fish have large respiratory membranes, the gills, which expose a huge amount of surface area to the watery medium. The folding increases junctional surface area by 10 to 20 times, decreasing the stress per unit area. The young people want a hard surface area with kerbstones or similar for skateboarding. Platelet membranes bear a higher density of receptors per surface area than any other blood cell. One of the reasons why this is more likely to happen when lapping flip chips is the small surface area. Preterm infants get cold quickly because of their relatively large surface area. The surface area of the lake now covers 570 square kilometres and its waters are crystal clear. She has 27 sails in a frigate rig on three masts and a bowsprit, with a total surface area of 2,683 square metres. The latter was calculated by approximating the surface area to that of a spheroid. The expansion rate of the pulp surface area is approximated by the expansion rate of the fruit surface area, which is a model input. The coolers often contained rods or branches to increase the surface area on which the liquor could crystallise. The increased surface area of the blade puts a greater load on your leg muscles like a wet weight workout. Most practitioners are aware of and use traditional methods, such as tracings and rulers, to evaluate wound surface area. The catchments of these basins may have a very large surface area, collecting run-off from a vast region. Because lux is lumen-per-square-meter we just needed to factor in the surface area to be able to calculate the total lumen output. They have more leaves and axillary shoots and more leaf surface area per plant than do seedlings from the other two subspecies. This one was brick and stone laid with crawling ivy masking most of the surface area. The temperature exactly matches the thermodynamic predictions related to the surface area of the black hole. Show More Sentences The scanner takes more than 90 measurements of the hand in terms of length, width, thickness and surface area in the span of one second. Using a different approach, Archimedes found the surface area of a sphere, and the surface area of any segment of a sphere. Pine needles greatly increase the flammable surface area of these trees, making ideal tinder for rapid ignition. However, twice the significance is given to corrosion in the surface area beneath the protective coating. The ratio of the surface area of a microvillus to the area of the unit cell can be determined numerically. Or does a large surface area per unit mass make those particles robust vehicles for ferrying toxicants such as metal atoms deep into the lungs? The casserole is fairly shallow with a large surface area allowing maximum evaporation. You will also probably know the average depth, the surface area, the age of the lake and when it was last emptied. What happens to the surface area, volume, slant height, radius and height as you roll the cone tighter? The nanoporous nature of the structures provides a large surface area on which electrochemical reactions can take place. As the surface area grew, so, too, did the need for more brightwork to identify the make. The rounded flakes, with less surface area to reflect light, lose brilliance. The high surface area of the silicon dioxide makes it a natural sorbent for capturing more carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Because of its enormous surface area, the lung vasculature is particularly sensitive to barrier dysregulation with increases in permeability. Both spargers gave similar ink recovery and fiber loss as a function of bubble surface area flux. Length, diameter, and surface area were calculated assuming that the fruits were prolate spheroids. The 2,833 lakes in Lithuania occupy about 1.5 percent of the surface area of the nation. With most of my furniture in storage, I've had ample opportunity to appreciate the maximum surface area. Because of its very porous nature, charcoal has the particularly high ratio of surface area to weight required of an absorptive material. The anesthetic drops also serve to moisten the corneal surface area, which promotes suction ring adhesion. Show More Sentences For a pound and thirty pence I had acquired a territory greater in surface area than the Palatinate of the Rhine. As the swimmer completes his pull with a quick, downward chop of the hand, notice that he still maintains a broad surface area with the hand. Water retained by the clays increased with both hydratable surface area and layer charge of the clays. When pelletized and activated under specific conditions, poultry litter becomes a highly porous material with a large surface area. Greater surface area provides more exposed skin to perspire and cool the body through evaporation, he says. Loss of surface area is followed by compensatory loss of volume, attributed primarily to the action of Gardos channels. One part of Tokyo, Sumida, was faced with urban flooding during rain as 80 per cent of its surface area was concreted. In particular he proved that the sphere was the solid figure of greatest surface area for a given volume. The rough surface of the filter paper, located above the sample, substantially increases the surface area for evaporation. A double-stepped bottom reduces the wetted surface area while above the water a fin at the rear stabilises the boat against cross-winds. The serrated fins actually increase the surface area to allow for more heat dissipation. A planimeter or digitizing tablet is used to calculate the PU surface area. The leaves were then excised and their total surface area measured using a planimeter. The huge surface area of all these worlds of programming leads to pointless flame wars over whose world is better. The fenestra and the coronoid process provide additional surface area for muscle attachment at this critical site. In 1954 I straightened out a piece of corrugated cardboard with a surface area of a square meter. Furthermore, the rate decreases with time since as the solid is dissolved the surface area becomes smaller as there is less and less crystallite. To estimate the relative surface area of basal lamina and apertures, we used a line intercept technique with cycloids. Significant effects of gizzard shad access likely occurred due to the additional surface area provided for periphyton by the mesh netting. For every 50 percent decrease in the droplet diameter of a set volume of insecticide, the spray surface area is increased eightfold. Show More Sentences Following these methods will spread the concentrated dew or guttation over a larger surface area, causing the turf canopy to dry faster. The pulmonary endothelium represents a very large surface area, the major part of which lies in close contact with the alveoli. The larger an endothermic animal, the more heat it generates relative to the surface area of its body. Toxic epidermal necrolysis is an exfoliative skin disorder that may involve a large body surface area and mucosal surfaces. Such uncomplicated exteriors reduce the amount of exposed surface area on each house to cut heating, cooling and construction costs. The small water droplets have a large surface area which allows for a great deal of evaporation. Native plants with needle-like leaves or those with a small surface area such as many callistemons, grevilleas and hakeas are also reliable in heat. Therefore to prove Theorem 9 it suffices to show that each polygonal base of the prism has area equal to one-fourth the lateral surface area of the prism. Once a lake situated in a soft soil environment reaches a critical surface area, geographical and hydrographical processes will intensify the erosion of the shores. First, acid etching of the electrode surfaces produces tiny cavities and craters that greatly expand the surface area across which a static charge can be held. A large part of this overshoot is due to the extravagant use of fossil fuels, whose carbon waste would require a vast bio-productive surface area as a natural sink. Forefeet and hindfeet each have 5 digits, and the surface area of the forefeet is increased by the addition of a fringe of stiff hairs around the periphery. It was a shallow burn into my flesh, but enough surface area to make it bleed profusely, and added to that, my veins tend to be very close to the surface of my skin. Unlike a moving fibroblast, however, the extending axon also grows in size, with an accompanying increase in the total surface area of the neuron's plasma membrane. The point he has missed is, a large percentage of India's surface area is still in villages where rainwater recharges the soil much more than it does in urban agglomerates. It really is quite bad, we go down to the Village Hall green to play football but we want to get a hard surface area built there with a couple of goals and basketball hoops. At first, the idea was vague and formless, a brilliant abstraction about the surface area of a sphere, which is three times larger than the surface area of a flat chip. The auricular lymph nodes are palpated by the bilateral placement of both hands on the skin surface with the fingertips arranged to cover a large surface area. Any increase in surface area will increase skin friction drag. Large balloon style glasses are best adapted to the qualities of the red wines, the size of the surface area helping the rapid development of the bouquet. Show More Sentences Some of its long feathers had barbules and hooklets that bound together a feather's barbs and gave the feather greater strength, flexibility and surface area. While the length is one of the main criteria for rider fitting, it should be noted that the seat surface area, the twist, and the height of the cantle are also variables. Measurement of wound surface area was obtained by using an acetate tracing and planimeter, a method that has been validated in all common etiologies of ulcers. This is the power of the light that is emitted per projected surface area into a given solid angle, and it is measured in watts per square metre per steradian. In people, nonhuman primates, and other mammals with relatively large brains, the cerebral cortex's convolutions permit its large surface area to cram inside the skull. It occupies a continental surface area of 27,791,810 km squared. The surface area of the wings is tremendous and the wingspan large, but the relative length of the fuselage is shorter than most other aircraft of its era. The low order connectivity indices relate to fundamental parameters such as molecular surface area, molecular weight and the presence of heteroatoms. The main feature of alveolarization is the subdivision of the pre-existing voluminous saccules by septation, which leads to smaller units and an increased total surface area. The material's specific surface area of a few hundred square meters per cubic centimeter corresponds to about a thousand times that of a polished silicon wafer. They were both, I found from careful measurements, of precisely the same dimensions and surface area, and each presented the same dull dead black surface. The surface area of allergic mucin per slide was measured with an ocular micrometer, quantitated, and averaged for each case, then compared between the 2 groups. On a weight basis, a billion ultra-fine particles are about equivalent to one coarse particle 10 micrometres in diameter, but have one thousand times the surface area. This new helicoid pin design increases surface area for heat dissipation. The lateral surface area of a spherical slice cut by two parallel planes is equal to the lateral surface area of the corresponding slice of the circumscribing cylinder. Because 40 percent of the oceans are classified as subtropical gyres, a fourth of the planet's surface area has become an accumulator of floating plastic debris. And when starch biodegrades it creates micro-voids in plastics products, exposing more surface area to attack by photodegradable agents. Efffect of size, concentration, surface area, and volume of polymethylmethacrylate paticles on human macrophages in vitro. At least in theory, the greater the surface area, the better a schnoz can catch odor molecules. Classical estimators of particle volume and surface area are the nucleator, and the surfactor, respectively. Show More Sentences Use of basic Methylene Blue Dye for specific surface area measurement of metal hexacyanoferrate complexes. Specific surface area was estimated using the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller method on a KELVIN 1042 sorptometer. The difference between the BET and CTAB surface area is called the microporosity. One gram of MOF material has the surface area of two football pitches and can store significantly more gas than the same empty volume. Meriguna South is interpreted to consist of six major vein sets and interset veins over a 300m long x 200m wide surface area. These ultrafine talcs, obtained using proprietary grinding techniques, have a platy structure that provides a higher surface area. The lotus leaf surface constructure designed in the tube and fin increases the heat exchange surface area, improve the heat exchange efficiency. It can be noted that SEM images exhibited undulant, rough and porous structure, which causes an increased surface area of the hydrogel. It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area. The Baltic sea drainage basin is roughly four times the surface area of the sea itself. The largest lake by surface area is Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland, though Scotland's Loch Ness has the largest volume. The less surface area, the less stability but larger flights hamper close grouping. Hot exhaust gases from the fire passed through the flue thus increasing the surface area heating the water and improving efficiency. It is the largest inland stretch of water in Great Britain by surface area. Ogives are formed when ice from an icefall is severely broken up, increasing ablation surface area during summer. Secondly, renal corpuscles have a smaller diameter, which reduces surface area for filtration. Grinding a spice greatly increases its surface area and so increases the rates of oxidation and evaporation. The northern part of the island forms a lowland plain that comprises some two thirds of the surface area. The fox has a low surface area to volume ratio, as evidenced by its generally compact body shape, short muzzle and legs, and short, thick ears. Since less of its surface area is exposed to the Arctic cold, less heat escapes from its body. Show More Sentences There are some 3,820 lakes in New Zealand with a surface area larger than one hectare. The ISO 216 system used in most other countries is based on the surface area of a sheet of paper, not on a sheet's width and length. The very fine particle size gives a large surface area that aids dissolution to allow uptake by the fiber. The measure of fineness usually used is the 'specific surface area', which is the total particle surface area of a unit mass of cement. When the surface area becomes bigger the bonds stretch more and the GB tension increases. It decreases the surface area of the catalyst and changes the surface structure. For a porous catalytic surface, the pores may collapse due to sintering, resulting in loss of surface area. Buccleuch and Devonshire Docks are utilised primarily by BAE Systems, while Cavendish Dock the largest by surface area is now a reservoir. When a silo is filled, fine dust particles in the air can become explosive because of their large aggregate surface area. Due to its high surface area charcoal can be used as a filter, and as a catalyst or as an adsorbent. Late in gestation DNMT1o-deficient placentas had greater spongiotrophoblast content and reduced labyrinth vascular surface area. The large surface area of the human cerebral cortex results in a pattern of gyri and sulci. Bullseye Lake was deep relative to surface area and is dominated by central mudminnow, black crappie, and bowfin. This leads him to conclude that factors other than lophophore surface area must influence a brachiopod's ability to get enough food. Because of its extremely small grain size, oolitic sand has a lot of surface area, which promotes high bacterial growth. An example is population density, which can be calculated by dividing the population of a census district by the surface area of that district. Each filament contains a capillary network that provides a large surface area for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide. For a solid shape such as a sphere, cone, or cylinder, the area of its boundary surface is called the surface area. Most basic formulas for surface area can be obtained by cutting surfaces and flattening them out. The formula for the surface area of a sphere was first obtained by Archimedes in his work On the Sphere and Cylinder. Show More Sentences The general formula for the surface area of the graph of a continuously differentiable function. Thus, the total rate of net energy production per unit surface area is given by. Oyster beds have an estimated 50 times the surface area of an equally sized flat bottom. These projections, called papillae, have a rich blood supply and increase the surface area of the cloaca. If the surface area of the spill is also known, the total volume of the oil can be calculated. Like moose, caribou have specialised noses featuring nasal turbinate bones that dramatically increase the surface area within the nostrils. The surface area of the core which received the blows necessary for detaching the flakes is referred to as the striking platform. In comparison to smaller birds ostriches have a lower evaporative water loss resulting from their small body surface area per unit weight. Surface temperature can be affected by the rate of blood flow to a certain area, and also by the surface area of the surrounding tissue. The outflow is spread out over a large surface area and the inflow enters as a sheet of water in front of the outflow, so the jellyfish do not get sucked into it. A defining factors related to assemblage structure was conductively and slope of the study site, but not surface area covered by vegetation as hypothesized. In the recent years, using nanoparticles has developed due to its small size possess unique properties such as high specific surface area and high activity. The following are the largest Greek islands listed by surface area. AirFrame technology rigidifies the electrostatic panel without obstructing playable surface area or interfering with ambience enriching dipole sound radiation. The rounded sections gave maximum displacement for the lowest wetted surface area, similar to a modern narrow rowing skiff, so were very fast but had little carrying capacity. In bats, the relative alveolar surface area and pulmonary capillary blood volume are significantly larger than most other small quadrupedal mammals. Finer ingredients tend to burn more rapidly, while coarsely ground or whole chunks may be consumed very gradually as they have less total surface area. This optical effect was higher than for conventional ground calcium carbonate, but lower than for commercial coagulated scalenohedral particles with a large surface area. The automotive heat exchangers are incorporated with fins or corrugations to increase the surface area, thereby enhancing the heat exchange process. Power Technology's concept of increasing output or current is directly related to the surface area of the electroplates exposed to the electrolytes. Show More Sentences Disabling network access to unused ports reduces surface area. Pressure is the sum of all the normal components of force exerted by the particles impacting the walls of the container divided by the surface area of the wall. About 45 percent of the state's total surface area is covered by forests, and California's diversity of pine species is unmatched by any other state. The soft rubber allows them to expand when they are heated up, making more surface area on the pavement, therefore producing the most amount of traction. Consequently, the surface area and the depth of the sea are diminishing. Fins also increase the tail's surface area, increasing speed. For solids, on the other hand, diffusion of atoms to the surface might not be sufficient and the surface tension can vary with an increase in surface area. The average surface area and crystallite sizes of the soils collected from the oil spill sites are relatively higher than the samples obtained from the deep water locations. Examples from Classical Literature These hydrophilic clay minerals are with the characteristics of fine particle composition, high bibulous rate, large specific surface area, etc. Hence, to attribute the support solely to the surface area is erroneous. Bates said entrained air bubbles multiply the surface area across where oxidizing reactions can occur. When the solder on two nearby faces of the crimped tape came in contact, the solder naturally minimized its surface area remaining in contact with the water. How maternal nutrition during gestation impacts capillary numbers, capillary surface area, capillary area or capillary size in the developing mammary gland is unknown. A deep well at Zakum reached 17,370 feet and was still above the salt pillow which forms this large, low-amplitude feature whose surface area is 660 sq km. Both the original PCC particles and the ashes were characterized in terms of size, density, surface area, porosity, chemical composition, color and electrostatic charge. Find more words! 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Use our Sentence Generator Nearby Words surface-active Surface surface surfable surf suretyship surface current surface currents surfaced surface level surfacer surfaces