Scientists are still figuring out the role of sunspots in space weather, but they do know that when a flare erupts, sunspots are often nearby. |
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Note the white bands buried amid the black and gray sunspots, depicting the twin bands of the flare as it burst into view around the sunspots. |
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The peaks are the days when gamma radiation was emitted by sunspots in high concentrations. |
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The topmost paper was a graph measuring gamma ray radiation from sunspots over the past few months. |
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The Sun spins once on its axis once every 25 days at its equator, carrying sunspots around. |
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The severe weather on Earth is likely related to sunspots and solar flares on the sun. |
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They picture buildings distorted by dazzling sunspots that physicalize the relationship between image and viewer. |
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He discovered moons orbiting Jupiter, phases of Venus, sunspots, and features on the Moon that made it seem more like a planet. |
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He also used his telescope to discover the four largest satellites of Jupiter, the phases of Venus, and sunspots on the sun. |
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He expanded on their work by pulling in historical records of auroras, naked-eye sunspots, and eclipses. |
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Solar storms tend to occur near sunspots, cool regions on the sun's surface that appear as dark blotches. |
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Early theories about sunspots were many and various including that sunspots were clouds or sunspots were solar asteroids. |
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As they move around as the Sun spins, sunspots near the solar equator return to their starting point in about twenty-five days. |
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It was pulsing and roiling at latitude 34 degrees, an unusual place for sunspots in the middle of solar maximum. |
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Hale also gained prominence as an astronomer with his invention of the spectroheliograph and the discovery of magnetic fields in sunspots. |
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He developed a great interest in broadcast noise, especially during sunspots. |
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The first, known as the meridional flow pattern, circulates between the sun's equator and its poles over a period of 17 to 22 years and acts like a conveyor belt of sunspots. |
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The fact that he could see the sunspots with the naked eye and that he could make out the umbrae and penumbrae of the spots suggest that they must have been extremely large. |
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Either a refractor or a reflector may be used for visual observations of solar features, such as sunspots or solar prominences. |
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The company says the sun has been very quiet for the past two years with little evidence of sunspots. |
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They also noticed that the beginning of the cycle is marked by the appearance of sunspots at high solar latitudes. |
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However, scientists have observed that the number of sunspots appearing on the sun's surface reaches its maximum every 11 years. |
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Sometimes there were many sunspots, and several years later there were few or none, and then, a few years after, there were many again. |
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The magnetic class of sunspots is important in determining how potentially volatile particular active regions may be. |
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The magnetic activity in the Sun that produces sunspots, flares and fried satellites follows a roughly 11-year rhythm. |
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The observation showed convincing proof that strong contributions to the total emission at 10.7cm originated in the vicinity of sunspots. |
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These sunspots are temporary, and their numbers follow an 11-year cycle between times of maximum and minimum. |
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When viewed through a telescope, sunspots have a dark central region known as the umbra, surrounded by a somewhat lighter region called the penumbra. |
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Records kept for more than two centuries show that sunspots wax and wane in number and extent twice in about every 23 years on the average. |
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An observation of the sunspots will point to a solar flare a few minutes before it occurs, but its intensity will be impossible to predict. |
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He says sunspots are an indicator of the amount of energy radiating from the sun and we're currently coming out of a sunspot minimum. |
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Sunspot number simply represents the number of observed sunspots and sunspot groups on the solar surface. |
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Many lines form loops, as seen at the center of the image, that link pairs of sunspots with opposite magnetic polarity. |
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Between 1645 and 1715 almost no sunspots were observed, a solar period which came to be called the Maunder Minimum. |
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We now know that when the Sun is more active, producing more sunspots and other forms of activity, it also gets brighter, and when that activity falls, it gets dimmer. |
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During that time there has been a trend for the number of sunspots seen at the activity maximum to increase, although there have been occasional falls for a cycle or two. |
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It's best to start the story back in the 1600's, when Galileo, Scheiner and others discovered sunspots, and as time passed, found that the sunspots come and go in a rhythm. |
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They found a loose match between temperature and the number of sunspots but a much better one between temperature and the length of the sunspot cycle. |
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But lately the number of sunspots, solar flares and spectacular coronal mass ejections has gone up. |
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It is believed that the movement of mass within the convection zone creates the magnetic activity that generates sunspots. |
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The 4-inch heliographic telescope at SAAO in Cape Town, erected in 1876, is used to view sunspots. |
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The fact that the Worcester monk could apparently distinguish the umbrae and penumbrae of the sunspots shows his amazing eye for detail. |
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These assist in determining the heliographic latitude and longitude of sunspots. |
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Everything indicates that the sunspots are centers in which the temperature is less, and I have demonstrated as much with the thermoscope. |
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The surface of the Sun was originally thought to be perfect and uniform, but we now know the photosphere is marked by numerous irregularly shaped dark patches called sunspots. |
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Geomagnetic storms occur when sunspots on the surface of the sun erupt and impact the Earth's magnetosphere, thereby disturbing solar wind and reducing the global magnetic field. |
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But Dr Canfield and his colleagues hope to refine their analysis, precisely correlating CMEs with the twist of the sigmoids' magnetic fields and the size of sunspots in the area. |
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Areas with large sunspots were found to be more probable sites of CME bursts than those with small ones. Admittedly, these links provide only a rule of thumb. |
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Solar wind, according to NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, consists of magnetized plasma flares and in some cases is linked to sunspots. |
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Whatever their cause, sunspots are associated with bright patches known as faculae, as well as flares and other huge ejections of solar matter into space. |
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In 1946, he made the discovery that sunspots are very bright at 10.7 cm wavelength, offering a simple all-weather method to measure and predict sunspot activity. |
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Lerner also predicts an increased number of sunspots. |
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A direct correlation between sunspots and temperature has been found. |
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In addition to an X-ray telescope, Hinode carries a visible-light telescope to study the sun's surface and a magnetograph to monitor magnetic fields associated with sunspots. |
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History shows, for example, that very few sunspots were observed from 1650 to 1700, a period known as the Maunder Minimum when Europe endured particularly bitter winters. |
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Appealing chapters comment on distances through space, the shape of the Milky Way, asteroids and sunspots, quasars, neutrino astronomy, and the expanding universe. |
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There was a period from 1645 to 1715 when the sun showed similar lack of sunspots, this was the Maunder minimum when trees stopped growing and the River Thames froze. |
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