| The suspension was vortexed for 5 minutes, sonicated for 30 seconds and aliquoted into 100-litre samples. |
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| Samples were sonicated for 5 sec four times to shear genomic DNA and reduce viscosity. |
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| The samples were sonicated for 12 sec and cell number was analyzed using a Coulter counter. |
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| After one hour, grains were sonicated in an ultrasonic bath for one minute to remove extraneous materials from the surface of the grains. |
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| The solution was sonicated for 1 h, and then it was transferred into a separatory funnel. |
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