| The leptocephalus is planktivorous as it drifts to coastal waters and develops into an elver, which feeds on aquatic insects, small crustaceans, and dead fish. |
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| In the southeastern United States, based on leptocephalus collections, ladyfish probably spawn in late summer or early fall. |
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| Based on examination of a large number of leptocephalus larvae, Smith pointed out that there were two forms, probably different species, of Elops in the western Atlantic. |
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| Northward transport and dispersal of eggs and leptocephalus larvae is suspected by these substantially smaller specimens captured from the Palm Beaches and upward latitudes. |
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| In a practical move, he assigned the larvae to the genus Atopichthys since he knew that the genus Leptocephalus had been linked specifically to the congrid eels. |
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