| The development of the steam engine marked an important epoch in the history of industry. |
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| Someone had rigged a booby trap that blew up the car when the engine was started. |
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| Lionel's first tinplate reproduction of a standard Gauge locomotive was a black 2-4-2 steam engine with three red passenger cars. |
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| In 1889 a severe passenger train wreck occurred near Dijon, when a 2-4-2 engine derailed while going full speed downhill. |
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| I am all ears to find out how my car, which used to have a perfectly functional engine, will no longer start. |
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| The engine used was an autobicycle engine and a fuel injection system was added to drive it with cylinder injection. |
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| These animals normally hit the plane's windshield or get sucked by the engine, in which case authorities label the incidents as avian ingestion. |
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| Bird strikes, also referred as Avian ingestion when sucked into the plane's engine, commonly occur during takeoff and landing. |
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| I took apart the engine piece by piece and put it back together again. |
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| It was taken back to the shops and converted into an 0-8-0 engine for heavy goods traffic. |
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| The rotor is connected to a transmission which is bolted to the airframe, and the turboshaft engine drives the transmission. |
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| The last airliner that used turbojets was the Concorde, whose Mach 2 airspeed permitted the engine to be highly efficient. |
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| The ratio of this air to the amount of air flowing through the engine core is the bypass ratio. |
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| The Wankel engine did not find many applications in aircraft, but was used by Mazda in a popular line of sports cars. |
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| In modern times the Wankel engine has been used in motor gliders where the compactness, light weight, and smoothness are crucially important. |
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| After the demise of MidWest, all rights were sold to Diamond of Austria, who have since developed a MkII version of the engine. |
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| Starting in the 1930s attempts were made to produce a compression ignition Diesel engine for aviation use. |
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| The 3BSM is a thrust vectoring nozzle which allows the main engine exhaust to be deflected downward at the tail of the aircraft. |
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| The F136 team stated their engine had a greater temperature margin, potentially critical for VTOL operations in hot, high altitude conditions. |
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| Lockheed Martin's Dave Scott stated that sensor fusion boosts engine thrust and oil efficiency, increasing the aircraft's range. |
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| In September 2006, the first engine run of the F135 in an airframe took place. |
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| Pratt and Whitney, the engine manufacturers, developed two remedies to the problem. |
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| This engine, the Trent XWB is an engine developed from the Trent 1000, a variant of which was offered for the original A350 proposal. |
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| Skylon's revised engine design, the SABRE engine, is expected to offer higher performance. |
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| This work is focusing on demonstrating the viability of the advanced British engine technology that would underpin the project. |
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| The engine itself is simple, with only a boiler, a cylinder and piston and operating valves. |
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| The proposed SABRE engine is not a scramjet, but a jet engine running combined cycles of a precooled jet engine, rocket engine and ramjet. |
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| This engine design aims to be a good jet engine within the atmosphere, as well as being an excellent rocket engine outside. |
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| The design comprises a single combined cycle rocket engine with two modes of operation. |
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| The high pressure ratio allows the engine to provide high thrust at very high speeds and altitudes. |
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| At the front of the engine, a simple translating axisymmetric shock cone inlet slows the air to subsonic speeds using two shock reflections. |
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| In 2016 Reaction CEO Mark Thomas announced plans to build a quarter sized ground test engine, given limitations of funding. |
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| Avoiding liquefaction improves the efficiency of the engine since less entropy is generated and therefore less liquid hydrogen is boiled off. |
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| However, simply cooling the air needs more liquid hydrogen than can be burnt in the engine core. |
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| In addition, this static thrust capability means the engine can be realistically tested on the ground, which drastically cuts testing costs. |
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| There is a widely reported story that Dr Hooke corresponded with Thomas Newcomen in connection with Newcomen's invention of the steam engine. |
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| In 1991, a perfectly functioning difference engine was constructed from Babbage's original plans. |
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| Built to tolerances achievable in the 19th century, the success of the finished engine indicated that Babbage's machine would have worked. |
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| Babbage's own account of the origin of the difference engine begins with the Astronomical Society's wish to improve The Nautical Almanac. |
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| Herschel found the method impressive, Babbage knew of it, and it was later noted by Ada Lovelace as compatible with the analytical engine. |
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| Babbage began in 1822 with what he called the difference engine, made to compute values of polynomial functions. |
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| Nine years later, in 2000, the Science Museum completed the printer Babbage had designed for the difference engine. |
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| Per Georg Scheutz wrote about the difference engine in 1830, and experimented in automated computation. |
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| The search engine Google marked the 200th anniversary of his birth on 2 November 2015 with an algebraic reimaging of its Google Doodle. |
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| Many had been lost in the war, and marine diesel engine had finally matured as an economical and viable alternative to steam power. |
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| The diesel engine has far better thermal efficiency than reciprocating steam engine, and was far easier to control. |
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| The Liberty ships were the last major steamship class equipped with reciprocating engine. |
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| This was used to work a beam engine, in which a large wooden beam rocked upon a central fulcrum. |
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| Newcomen and his partner John Calley built the first successful engine of this type at the Conygree Coalworks near Dudley in the West Midlands. |
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| A working replica of this engine can be seen at the Black Country Living Museum nearby. |
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| The Newcomen engine held its place without material change for about 75 years, spreading gradually to more areas of the UK and mainland Europe. |
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| The atmospheric engine was invented by Thomas Newcomen in 1712, often referred to simply as a Newcomen engine. |
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| James Watt's later engine design was an improved version of the Newcomen engine that roughly doubled fuel efficiency. |
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| As a result, Watt is today better known than Newcomen in relation to the origin of the steam engine. |
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| Instead he allowed himself to be distracted into developing a variant of the Savery engine. |
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| To start the engine, the regulator valve V was opened and steam admitted into the cylinder from the boiler, filling the space beneath the piston. |
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| The later Watt engines worked lift pumps powered by the engine stroke and it may be that later versions of the Newcomen engine did so too. |
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| By 1725 the Newcomen engine was in common use in mining, particularly collieries. |
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| In the Watt steam engine, condensation took place in an exterior condenser unit, attached to the steam cylinder via a pipe. |
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| Watt's vigorous defence of his patents resulted in the continued use of the Newcomen engine in an effort to avoid royalty payments. |
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| Robert was the fireman for Wylam Colliery pumping engine, earning a very low wage, so there was no money for schooling. |
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| According to Rolt, Stephenson managed to solve the problem caused by the weight of the engine on the primitive rails. |
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| Stephenson's face is shown alongside an engraving of the Rocket steam engine and the Skerne Bridge on the Stockton to Darlington Railway. |
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| He then successfully lobbied Parliament to extend Watt's patent for an additional 17 years, enabling the firm to market Watt's steam engine. |
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| In 1769 Watt patented an engine with the innovation of a separate condenser, making it far more efficient than earlier engines. |
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| Boulton realised not only that this engine could power his manufactory, but also that its production might be a profitable business venture. |
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| After receiving the patent, Watt did little to develop the engine into a marketable invention, turning to other work. |
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| In 1782 the firm sought to modify Watt's invention so that the engine had a rotary motion, making it suitable for use in mills and factories. |
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| George III toured the Whitbread brewery in London, and was impressed by the engine. |
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| He realised that contemporary engine designs wasted a great deal of energy by repeatedly cooling and reheating the cylinder. |
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| Eventually he adapted his engine to produce rotary motion, greatly broadening its use beyond pumping water. |
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| In his retirement, Watt continued to develop new inventions though none was as significant as his steam engine work. |
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| The design of the Newcomen engine, in use for almost 50 years for pumping water from mines, had hardly changed from its first implementation. |
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| Watt began to experiment with steam, though he had never seen an operating steam engine. |
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| In 1763, Watt was asked to repair a model Newcomen engine belonging to the university. |
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| Roebuck lived at Kinneil House in Bo'ness, during which time Watt worked at perfecting his steam engine in a cottage adjacent to the house. |
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| The erection of the engine and its shakedown was supervised by Watt, at first, and then by men in the firm's employ. |
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| Over the next six years, he made a number of other improvements and modifications to the steam engine. |
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| A double acting engine, in which the steam acted alternately on the two sides of the piston was one. |
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| These improvements taken together produced an engine which was up to five times as efficient in its use of fuel as the Newcomen engine. |
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| He was a rather poor businessman, and especially hated bargaining and negotiating terms with those who sought to use the steam engine. |
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| The huge painting James Watt contemplating the steam engine by James Eckford Lauder is now owned by the National Gallery of Scotland. |
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| A few moments later they heard the sound of an engine, and a muddy shooting brake appeared on the road behind them. |
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| The camelbacks were designed to help with the visibility problems inherent in putting the driver behind the entire engine. |
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| If the beautiful body of the car isn't enough to catch your attention, the purr of the engine will give you a cargasm. |
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| He later bought a '33 Ford coupe, chopped and channeled it and installed a Mercury engine. |
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| As soon as I appeared, the Crown Vic fired up its engine, and the driver of the van started talking into a walkie-talkie. |
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| They were both sitting inside, the engine running and the defroster blasting hot air against the windshield, before Jerry spoke again. |
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| Cascading updates and cascading deletes are useful features of the SQL Server database engine. |
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| The article was written to demystify the mechanics of the internal combustion engine. |
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| The derated engine sold at a lower price, but had the same components as the standard model. |
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| Then our minibus overheated and blew its engine, stranding us at Vioolsdrif, a dorpie on the northern bank of the Orange River. |
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| By this point it was clear that Gloster's first airframe would be ready long before Rover could deliver an engine. |
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| The fireplace is currently painted fire engine red with a high gloss finish. We want to tone this down to a more natural look. |
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| Restarting in flight is a very important engine capability for all aircraft, as occasionally engines do flame out. |
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| The heavily discounted initial engine sales were offset by the follow-on sales of engines and highly profitable spare parts. |
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| Transfer of heat from the engine to the automobile radiator occurs by means of forced convection. |
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| If there are enough Friendsy shows that have thumbs up, the one that has a thumbs down has little effect on the suggestion engine. |
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| Dad was the owner of a gold Ford Cortina with a black go-faster stripe and a raunchy-sounding engine. |
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| With this much grunt, it is surprising that the engine is relatively quiet. |
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| Smaller, turbocharged engines are one way to increase engine efficiency by 8 to 10 percent, but the extra hardware is expensive. |
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| High pressure yielded an engine and boiler compact enough to be used on mobile road and rail locomotives and steam boats. |
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| These were all horse drawn or relied on gravity, with a stationary steam engine to haul the wagons back to the top of the incline. |
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| Later, each factory would have its own steam engine and a chimney to give an efficient draft through its boiler. |
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| A specialized search engine and display software were also needed to access it. |
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| If the engine does not rotate, it may be seized due to its being operated with no oil, broken engine components, or hydrostatic lock. |
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| He published a description of an engine to create perspective drawings and he discussed the grinding of conical lenses and mirrors. |
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| Perhaps the most important invention in British history, the industrial steam engine, was invented in Birmingham. |
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| Most significant, however, was the development in 1776 of the industrial steam engine by James Watt and Matthew Boulton. |
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| Whittle showed his engine concept around the base, where it attracted the attention of Flying Officer Pat Johnson, formerly a patent examiner. |
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| This design reduced the length of the engine, and the length of the drive shaft connecting the compressor and turbine, thus reducing weight. |
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| Nearly every engine company in Britain then started their own crash efforts to catch up with Power Jets. |
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| He had already increased the power of the Merlin piston engine by improving its supercharger. |
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| In common parlance, the term jet engine loosely refers to an internal combustion airbreathing jet engine. |
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| The key to a practical jet engine was the gas turbine, used to extract energy from the engine itself to drive the compressor. |
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| By the 1950s the jet engine was almost universal in combat aircraft, with the exception of cargo, liaison and other specialty types. |
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| The engine converts internal energy in the fuel to kinetic energy in the exhaust, producing thrust. |
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| All the air ingested by the inlet is passed through the compressor, combustor, and turbine, unlike the turbofan engine described below. |
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| As their jet thrust is augmented by a propeller, turboprops are occasionally referred to as a type of hybrid jet engine. |
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| Ram powered engines are considered the most simple type of air breathing jet engine because they can contain no moving parts. |
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| Combined cycle engines simultaneously use 2 or more different jet engine operating principles. |
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| The forces on the inside of the engine needed to create this jet give a strong thrust on the engine which pushes the craft forwards. |
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| It may be as high as the 1000K exhaust gas temperature for a supersonic afterburning engine or 2200K with afterburner lit. |
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| Since the npr changes with engine thrust setting and flight speed this is seldom the case. |
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| Most types of jet engine have an air intake, which provides the bulk of the fluid exiting the exhaust. |
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| Therefore, rocket engines do not have ram drag and the gross thrust of the rocket engine nozzle is the net thrust of the engine. |
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| If the velocity of the jet from a jet engine is equal to sonic velocity, the jet engine's nozzle is said to be choked. |
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| The rate of flow of fuel entering the engine is very small compared with the rate of flow of air. |
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| The SEPR 841 booster engine was used on the Dassault Mirage for high altitude interception. |
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| This overview highlights where energy losses occur in complete jet aircraft powerplants or engine installations. |
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| A jet engine at rest, as on a test stand, sucks in fuel and tries to thrust itself forward. |
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| This understanding comes under the engineering discipline Jet engine performance. |
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| It does not contribute to making thrust so makes the engine less efficient. |
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| It is used to preserve the mechanical integrity of the engine, to stop parts overheating and to prevent oil escaping from bearings for example. |
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| Finally, when the aircraft is flying the propelling jet itself contains wasted kinetic energy after it has left the engine. |
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| Although a bypass engine improves propulsive efficiency it incurs losses of its own inside the engine itself. |
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| Heat engine efficiency is determined by the ratio of temperatures reached in the engine to that exhausted at the nozzle. |
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| When a de Laval nozzle is used to accelerate a hot engine exhaust, the outlet velocity may be locally supersonic. |
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| Turbofans have a mixed exhaust consisting of the bypass air and the hot combustion product gas from the core engine. |
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| At more modest altitudes, flying faster compresses the air at the front of the engine, and this greatly heats the air. |
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| This time, the engine roared and the kite rocked against the brakes then sluggishly rolled down the strip. |
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| Goodrich Engine Controls make engine control systems for jet engines at Hall Green. |
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| The first fire engine is in attendance in roughly five minutes on average, the second when required in a little over five and a half minutes. |
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| Running on too lean a fuel-air mixture will cause, among other problems, your internal combustion engine to heat up too much. |
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| It was based on a Series III with a V8 engine and a shortened belt drive from the Alvis Scorpion light tank. |
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| This XK engine had been designed at night during the war when they would be on fire watch in the factory. |
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| A test bed for the new engine until its intended home, the new Mark VII saloon, was ready. |
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| The conflict begun in 1914 when Bentley was made official liaison between Government and aero engine manufacturers. |
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| All BMW engine supply ended in 2003 with the end of Silver Seraph production. |
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| An aircraft engine is the component of the propulsion system for an aircraft that generates mechanical power. |
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| The greatest advantage of an inline engine is that it allows the aircraft to be designed with a low frontal area to minimise drag. |
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| A horizontally opposed engine, also called a flat or boxer engine, has two banks of cylinders on opposite sides of a centrally located crankcase. |
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| Due to the cylinder layout, reciprocating forces tend to cancel, resulting in a smooth running engine. |
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| An H configuration engine is essentially a pair of horizontally opposed engines placed together, with the two crankshafts geared together. |
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| This type of engine has one or more rows of cylinders arranged around a centrally located crankcase. |
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| The lower cylinders, which are under the crankcase, may collect oil when the engine has been stopped for an extended period. |
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| If this oil is not cleared from the cylinders prior to starting the engine, serious damage due to hydrostatic lock may occur. |
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| In military aircraft designs, the large frontal area of the engine acted as an extra layer of armor for the pilot. |
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| Yet, civil aircraft designers wanted to benefit from the high power and low maintenance that a gas turbine engine offered. |
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| Thus was born the idea to mate a turbine engine to a traditional propeller. |
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| The classic VW Beetle is a back to front car, with the engine at the rear. |
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| With his engine in flames, the pilot had no choice but to bail. |
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| This followed an incident in November 2010 in which an engine disintegrated in flight causing Qantas Flight 32 to make an emergency landing in Singapore. |
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| Understanding of the steam engine was in a very primitive state, for the science of thermodynamics would not be formalised for nearly another 100 years. |
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| Distortion of the engine structure has to be controlled with suitable mount locations to maintain acceptable rotor and seal clearances and prevent rubbing. |
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| The engine mounting arrangement had to be revised with the addition of an extra thrust frame to reduce the casing deflections to an acceptable amount. |
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| The process of fixing the car engine was complicated by the lack of tools. |
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| The rotor thrust on a thrust bearing is not related to the engine thrust. |
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| To keep the load within the bearing specification seal diameters are chosen accordingly as, many years ago, on the backface of the impeller in the de Havilland Ghost engine. |
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| It used to be that you could take off the cowling, wrap plastic bags around the electrical stuff and vacuum pump, and blast away with engine degunker. |
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| Most images show only the engine side, giving no information on the pumps. |
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| In November 2012, it was announced that a key test of the engine precooler had been successfully completed, and that ESA had verified the precooler's design. |
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| Consequently, the thrust characteristics of a rocket motor are different from that of an air breathing jet engine, and thrust is independent of velocity. |
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| The engine commonly in use was the Newcomen steam engine, which consumed large amounts of coal and, as mines became deeper, proved incapable of keeping them clear of water. |
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| Downsizing is one of the leading trends in automotive engine design. |
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| The overall efficiency of the engine at flight speed is defined as. |
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| Another promising design for aircraft use was the Wankel rotary engine. |
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| So why have users stuck with the site when so many other search engines have dropped off the radar? Well, they're not logging on just for the search engine. |
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| That enormous engine was flanked by two fellows almost of equal magnitude. |
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| A compound engine, which connected two or more engines was described. |
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| Originally the key technology for this type of precooled jet engine did not exist, as it required a heat exchanger that was ten times lighter than the state of the art. |
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| After the attempt at making the first difference engine fell through, Babbage worked to design a more complex machine called the Analytical Engine. |
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| In either case the end result is an engine that has a poor thrust to weight ratio at high speeds, resulting in an engine that is too heavy to assist much in reaching orbit. |
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| A standard definition is used to assess how different things change engine efficiency and also to allow comparisons to be made between different engines. |
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| Deft and comfy, if gnashy of engine, the Prizm looks like an inspired sketch that somehow made it into metal and ought to be viewed as a traveling sculpture exhibit. |
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| I slowed her down, but she was goey and irritable. In fact, Rune always felt like a revving engine under me, an engine that wanted to shift into a higher gear. |
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| He realised that using a steam engine either to pump water back up to the millpond or to drive equipment directly would help to provide the necessary power. |
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| The engine needs compressed air for itself just to run successfully. |
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| Thus by repeatedly heating and cooling the cylinder, the engine wasted most of its thermal energy rather than converting it into mechanical energy. |
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| Thomas Newcomen's steam engine helped spawn the Industrial Revolution. |
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| The development of machine tools allowed better working of iron, causing it to be increasingly used in the rapidly growing machinery and engine industries. |
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| When we cranked up the engine, the fire warning light lit up. |
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| Before the steam engine, pits were often shallow bell pits following a seam of coal along the surface, which were abandoned as the coal was extracted. |
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| Any reduction in the amount needed improves the engine efficiency. |
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| The combustion forces the exhaust gases out the back of the engine. |
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| The effects of patents, both good and ill, on the development of industrialisation are clearly illustrated in the history of the steam engine, the key enabling technology. |
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| With the engine on fire he had to punch out and hit the silk. |
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| Holt had designed a particularly compact compound engine and taken great care with the hull design, producing a light, strong, easily driven hull. |
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| This is a diagnostic test of your engine. You're supposed to have an output of a hundred and sixty-eight horses at sixty-two hundred R.P.M.s. You're nowhere near that. |
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| These ploughs date back to the days of the steam engine and the horse. |
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| Cavitated liners can also leak combustion gases into the cooling system, but they tend to produce hydrostatic locks after the engine is shut down when hot. |
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| The efficiency of Holt's package of boiler pressure, compound engine and hull design gave a ship that could steam at 10 knots on 20 long tons of coal a day. |
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| However, after training more sailors and inventing a grappling engine, a Roman naval force was able to defeat a Carthaginian fleet, and further naval victories followed. |
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| But because of irreversibilities in the engine, all of this theoretical conversion is not realized and some internal energy remains in the steam exhausting from the engine. |
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| Boulton and Watt charged an annual payment, equal to one third of the value of the coal saved in comparison to a Newcomen engine performing the same work. |
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| In 1828 two locomotive boilers exploded within four months, both killing the driver and both due to the safety valves being left fixed down while the engine was stationary. |
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| In contrast, the SABRE engine permits a much slower, shallower climb, breathing air and using its wings to support the vehicle therefore increasing payload fraction. |
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| It is thought that this design of engine could permit sufficient performance for antipodal flight at Mach 5, or even permit a single stage to orbit vehicle to be practical. |
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| Whittle's jet engines were developed some years earlier than those of Germany's Hans von Ohain who was the designer of the first operational turbojet engine. |
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| Recently, Bristol has also been confirmed as the centre for the development and testing of the civil RB282 engine, which will, however, be produced in Virginia. |
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| With that the jet engine was finally on its way to becoming a reality. |
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| Griffith had already started construction of his own turbine engine design and, perhaps to avoid tainting his own efforts, he returned a somewhat more positive review. |
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| Smethwick Engine, now at Thinktank, Birmingham Science Museum, is the oldest working steam engine, made in 1779, and is the oldest working engine in the world. |
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| Combustion problems ceased to be an obstacle to development of the engine although intensive development was started on all features of the new combustion chambers. |
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| Overall performance is much better than the RB545 engine or scramjets. |
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| A hybrid jet engine like SABRE needs only reach low hypersonic speeds inside the lower atmosphere before engaging its closed cycle mode, whilst climbing, to build speed. |
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| Unlike Savery's device, pumping was entirely mechanical, the work of the steam engine being to lift a weighted rod slung from the opposite extremity of the rocking beam. |
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| By the end of the Second World War, other UK engine companies were working on jet designs based on the Whittle pattern, such as the de Havilland Goblin and Ghost engines. |
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| He pointed out that the company had been funded by private investors who helped develop the engine successfully, only to see production contracts go to other companies. |
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| A memorial statue exists of William Huskisson, once member of parliament for the city, but best remembered as the first man to be run over by a railway engine. |
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| In one such system, called a thermojet by Secondo Campini but more commonly, motorjet, the air was compressed by a fan driven by a conventional piston engine. |
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| It is possible that the first Newcomen engine was in Cornwall. |
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| It turned out that fuel had leaked into the engine and accumulated in pools, so the engine would not stop until all the leaked fuel had burned off. |
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| Heinkel had recently purchased the Hirth engine company, and Ohain and his master machinist Max Hahn were set up there as a new division of the Hirth company. |
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| He went on to realize that burning a pound of coal in a steam engine was more economical than a costly pound of zinc consumed in an electric battery. |
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| Pieces cut through the engine's fan case, engine bay, internal fuel tank and hydraulic and fuel lines before leaving through the aircraft's upper fuselage. |
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| The fleet was returned to flight on 15 July, but the engine inspection regimen caused the aircraft's debut at the Farnborough 2014 Air Show to be canceled. |
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| Turbofans differ from turbojets in that they have an additional fan at the front of the engine, which accelerates air in a duct bypassing the core gas turbine engine. |
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| During the incident investigation, engine parts from the burned aircraft were discovered on the runway, indicating it was a substantial engine failure. |
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| Preliminary findings suggests that excessive rubbing of the engine fan blades created increased stress and wear and eventually resulted in catastrophic failure of the fan. |
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| The last Victory ships had already been equipped with marine diesels, and diesel engine superseded both steamers and windjammers soon after the World War Two. |
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| Although based on simple principles, Newcomen's engine was rather complex and showed signs of incremental development, problems being empirically addressed as they arose. |
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