Mackerel are members of the scombrid fish clade that includes tuna and bonitos and possess a forked tail. |
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South American fire ant species falling outside the socially polymorphic clade are not known to exhibit polygyne colony social organization. |
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Parsimony analyses recover a paraphyletic Rotifera, where a bdelloid rotifer and acanthocephalans form a monophyletic clade. |
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His close association of entoprocts and ectoprocts is not supported by molecular data although both groups fall within the Lophotrochozoa clade. |
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Thecodontia therefore is an evolutionary grade of animals, rather than a clade. |
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Graniferous tracheary elements are found in the haustoria of several unrelated members of the clade. |
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Several workers have suggested that the entire alveolate clade is derived from a photosynthetic ancestor. |
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Other authors have used morphological evidence in support of a relationship of snakes to a clade comprising amphisbaenians and dibamids. |
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The presence of a commensal parasite that can display mutualism within a clade of known pathogens suggests dynamic evolutionary interactions. |
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The position of the annulus is a key character used to differentiate lineages within the clade. |
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The berries in the most derived clade are all morphologically similar, with two carpels, axile placentation and mostly lenticular seeds. |
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Many of the genera in this large clade contain stone cells, accretions of sclerenchyma that occur in the fleshy part of the berry. |
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By this usage, the basal metazoans comprise just four phyla and the large clade Bilateria. |
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These taxa together form a paraphyletic group at the base of the clade of biramous arthropods. |
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Zeledonia is a nine-primaried oscine that is not closely allied to Basileuterus or to any other genus within the typical parulid clade. |
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Early metazoan evolution, prior to the emergence of the clade that gave rise to crown taxa, involved a number of innovations. |
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With a number of methods a topology in which the grasses clade is basal within the angiosperm group was found with high bootstrap support. |
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Migratory behavior appears to have evolved multiple times in Catharus, so the species mentioned above do not constitute a monophyletic clade. |
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They proposed a monophyletic clade that includes primates, the tree shrew, the flying lemur, rabbit, and rodents. |
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Rather they find a trichotomy of ducks, geese, and a Cereopsis-Cnemiornis clade. |
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We had to prune off the clade that includes all parasitic species from the tree before the analysis. |
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Alethinophidians and scolecophidians form a monophyletic ophidian clade that is also unresolved within scleroglossans. |
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The first group is identical to the commelinoid group of monocotyledons identified as a monophyletic clade in cladograms using the rbcL gene. |
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Her data supported a tree topology in which Coccyzus is nested within a single clade comprising all of the parasitic cuckoos. |
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The trilobites comprise a major class-level clade of extinct marine arthropods characterized by calcareous, multisclerite, dorsal exoskeletons. |
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Our cladistic analysis confirms that the taxa included form a solid clade based on the apomorphic presence of a diaresis on the exopod of the uropod. |
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Accordingly, we may speculate that even the small members of the clade must prefer a habitat near the edge of the vegetated zone, with adequate light. |
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Aside from the intrinsic fascination for knowing the antiquity of a given species or clade, accurate date estimation is important for advancing evolutionary theory. |
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Previous paleontological and molecular evidence has indicated that cetaceans and artiodactyls constitute a natural clade within the subclass Eutheria. |
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The lophotrochozoan clade is more inclusive than originally suspected. |
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Our phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that glyphcoids are legitimate members of the infraorder Astacidea and defines their relationship to other taxa within the clade. |
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The characters that make this species distinct from the members of the C. sampsoni clade are primarily the thin-plated calyx and basal plates, which are higher than wide. |
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Several involve retaining the binomial name but formatting it differently to distinguish from clade names, so that human beings might become homosapiens in the Hominid clade. |
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The existence of a clade formed by the Spanish species is supported also by biogeographical data, so that these species are geographically isolated from other species. |
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The data for the Sendai virus also suggest relaxed selective constraints on V, although the lower levels of variation in this clade render this conclusion less certain. |
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Obvolute bracts may thus be a synapomorphy of the American clade. |
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Hox evidence has also placed dicyemid mesozoans in the clade. |
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Afrotheria are conceived as a long-distinct clade endemic to Africa, and including elephant shrews, golden moles, aardvarks, elephants, sirenians, and hyraxes. |
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The vertebrate class Aves includes the birds, an extremely distinctive and successful clade, with an estimated 9000 species worldwide, including the snowy owl pictured here. |
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The monilophytes refers to the monophyletic clade of horsetails and ferns. |
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Using a functional definition, with Gastropoda defined solely by the presence of torsion, this is the clade that represents the class as defined by Cuvier. |
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It is positioned near the root of the giant unicorn clade and originated in a subarid steppe. |
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The analysis presented herein provides strong support for Megalograptidae as part of a carcinosomatoid clade. |
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These species form a clade within Acrocirridae and were not closely related to either of the two known pelagic cirratuliforms. |
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The first one is the relative position of the giraffomorph clade with respect to the other pecorans. |
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The earliest known proboscideans, the clade that contains the elephants, existed about 55 million years ago around the Tethys Sea area. |
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The moa-nalos are a clade of ducks known from subfossils on the main Hawaiian islands. |
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A clade is a taxonomic group of organisms consisting of a single common ancestor and all the descendants of that ancestor. |
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Some researchers have tried to clarify the idea of race by equating it to the biological idea of the clade. |
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Many others still use the term race, but use it to mean a population, clade, or haplogroup. |
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The clade is also present at lower frequencies throughout Eastern Europe, Western Asia, as well as parts of North Africa and Central Asia. |
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Therefore, the branching within this clade can be explained in relatively high detail below. |
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Another unusual clade of trilobites known as the trinucleids developed a broad pitted margin around their head shields. |
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This clade is today almost exclusively found among males in West Africa, where it is also rare. |
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A clade including Mertensia, Charistephane and Euplokamis may be the sister lineage to all other ctenophores. |
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More recent studies using DNA sequences suggest that Crustacea is paraphyletic, with the hexapods nested within a larger Pancrustacea clade. |
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But other recent studies place gray whales as being outside the rorqual clade, but as the closest relatives to the rorquals. |
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The whales are part of the largely terrestrial mammalian clade Laurasiatheria. |
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Generally genetic testing uses the word clade rather than species because a genetic test alone cannot define a biological species. |
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The genetic variation within this clade shows only a limited regional variation, with the notable exception of Przewalski's horse. |
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Nonetheless, Rodentia and Lagomorpha are sister groups, sharing a most recent common ancestor and forming the clade of Glires. |
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Carduelis was split by moving the greenfinches to Chloris and a large clade into Spinus leaving just three species in the original genus. |
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The Blastocladiomycota were previously considered a taxonomic clade within the Chytridiomycota. |
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But among the youngest passerid clade, the Passeroidea, extremely colorful males and drab females are common, if not the rule. |
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Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria that first appeared during the Triassic period. |
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They resurrected the clade Ornithoscelida to refer to the group containing Ornithischia and Theropoda. |
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Collectively, dinosaurs as a clade are divided into two primary branches, Saurischia and Ornithischia. |
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Although they are unlikely to form a clade, some older works combine the Caudofoveata and solenogasters into one class, the Aplacophora. |
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A phylogenetic study suggests the Polyplacophora form a clade with a monophyletic Aplacophora. |
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The mammals represent the only living Synapsida, which together with the Sauropsida form the Amniota clade. |
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Giraffokeryx may have shared a clade with more massively built giraffids like Sivatherium and Bramatherium. |
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In fact, the whisk ferns and ophioglossoid ferns are demonstrably a clade, and the horsetails and Marattiaceae are arguably another clade. |
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We here distinguish clade A from other clades based on the retention of a caulescent habit and moderate floral zygomorphy. |
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The second clade comprises ictalurid, salmonid, acipenserid, and ranid herpesviruses, which have smaller DNA genomes. |
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The simple thalloid and leafy liverwort clade is a morphologically diverse and speciose group of organisms. |
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The 16S rRNA analysis showed this taxon to belong to a clade with Candidatus Clavochlamydia salmonicola, a taxon found in fish. |
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The new discovery represents the first record of a diplodocid for South America and the stratigraphically youngest record of this clade anywhere. |
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The two species from the sole anchistioidid genus formed a strong clade in all analyses. |
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This clade is diagnosed by the dorsoventrally flattened fourth antennal segment and lack of sclerotization on the accessory scent gland. |
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The two groups of this clade are easily distinguished because Pleodendron possess hexamerous flowers. |
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During this epoch, despite dramatic water level fluctuations of the ancient epicontinental seas, the clade avoided extinction. |
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This clade is diagnosed on the short epipharyngeal projection and the shortened middle femora. |
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The third synapomorphy uniting the clade is a long, straight intestine, although only in a few species can probable gut endocasts be seen. |
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This latter superclade was strongly supported clade by BI analysis, while the clade was strongly supported by the total and plastid datasets. |
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Despite their nearly synchronous collections in 2004, these sequences fell into distinct clades in the maximum clade credibility phylogeny, indicating population subdivision. |
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The new discovery represents the first record of a diplodocid for South America and the stratigraphically youngest record of this clade anywhere, the report said. |
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Although superinfection by strains from different clades has been reported previously, this is the first published report of infection by two strains from the same clade. |
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Most famous for the last and largest member of the clade, Tyrannosaurus rex, tyrannosaurids at first glance seem very far removed from the ostrichlike ornithomimosaurs. |
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This clade further diverged into two subclades at least 800 years ago. |
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Synapsida, a clade that contains mammals and their extinct relatives, originated during the Pennsylvanian subperiod, when they split from reptilian and avian lineages. |
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Conrad, Kirsten Jenkins, Thomas Lehmann, and others did not support Osteolaeminae as a true clade but rather a paraphyletic group consisting of two smaller clades. |
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They share this venom clade with various other saurian species. |
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The latter clade has been separated from all other red fox populations since the last glacial maximum, and may possess unique ecological or physiological adaptations. |
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In 1989, Annalisa Berta and colleagues proposed the unranked clade Pinnipedimorpha to contain the fossil genus Enaliarctos and modern seals as a sister group. |
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As such, the Ctenophora appear to be a basal diploblast clade. |
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That research also proposes coronate Scyphozoa and Cubozoa as a sister clade to Hydrozoa and discomedusan Scyphozoa, which are themselves sister groups. |
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These letters and Alcuin's poem on the subject, De clade Lindisfarnensis monasterii, provide the only significant contemporary account of these events. |
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The morphological analysis places the species of Fissuroderes and Polacanthoderes in a polytomy together with a clade that includes all remaining echinoderids. |
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We propose that the more diverse clade of ecribellate orb weavers will have lower site tenacity in relation to the less diverse clade of cribellate orb weavers. |
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Plants in the clade Araceae possess a characteristic inflorescence consisting of a vase-like, ensheathing modified leaf or spathe that surrounds a slender finger-like spadix. |
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