The underside of the ice acts like an upside-down coral reef, providing young krill both food and shelter. |
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Every day brought similar exciting fishing, some of the best when wading the shallows near the reef. |
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The reef mines sank far underground, and used expensive machinery and complex metallurgical processes to separate the gold from the waste rock. |
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It is this submerged reef that causes fierce surges of current in the tide races in the area. |
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Taiwan's beaches are a joke and its reef systems are already threatened by even the current low levels of tourism. |
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One of these species, a ramose form with thin branches, was not found in the coral reef zone lower in the section. |
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The most common sharks found off the Mid West coast were tiger sharks, black tip reef sharks and bronze whalers. |
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What could match the vibrant kaleidoscope of colour, form and texture that is a Caribbean reef? |
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Turning, we saw a spotted eagle ray descend the reef wall and glide over the plateau. |
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The large lagoon and break in the reef attract many species, including dugongs, whale sharks, dolphins and manta rays. |
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On the 28th of August 1791, the HMS Pandora sank off the northern coast of Australia when she had hit a reef, keeled over and sank. |
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The crux of the arrangement is a series of reef lease agreements with the local villages. |
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There were civilian sea captains, killed far from home when their ships ran aground on the reef. |
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The fresh catch of the day is forever popular with visitors, especially the aholehole, or Hawaiian flagtail, a reef fish raised in island ponds. |
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The outer edge of the reef receives the full force of breaking waves, protecting the inner Australian shoreline. |
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I outlasted other divers and gained some cracking close-ups of hammerhead sharks, great rays and grey reef sharks. |
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Our boat drifts with the gentle current for an hour or so before gently motoring over to San Toribo reef. |
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It had been almost 10 years since I last put on a pair of goggles and a snorkel to see the wonders of Queensland's coral reef. |
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Tourists visit Mayan ruins, take jungle safaris, and explore a long barrier reef. |
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On a shallow rocky reef, two silvery sea bass accompany us during a 45-minute dive. |
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Returning from it, however, his vessel catches on a reef off the coast of Florida. |
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After the alluvial gold had been mined, companies were formed to start reef mining. |
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In its pomp KGF was the wealthiest gold reef in the British Empire, with the deepest shaft at Champion Reef. |
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The story of gold is told in a bus tour taking in the site where Harrison identified the gold reef in Langlaagte. |
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Apparently, three of the Struben brothers' workers were among those who struck gold in the main reef. |
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On 21 February there were clashes between police and the strikers across the reef, from Benoni to Fordsburg. |
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As reclamation began, people came to live here, and through coal mining the reef started to expand continuously. |
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The search for gold spread, and in 1886 the main reef at Langlaagte in Johannesburg was discovered. |
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Sailors hop to it, and in an emergency, they can be counted on to reef the mainsail and batten down the hatches. |
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Early on, the wind filled to 18 knots and the yachts were forced to reef their mainsails and change headsails under difficult conditions. |
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In the short term, I think we're just going to have to reef in the sails and hold on tight. |
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Captain Valentine ordered his men to reef the sails and lower the anchors, while he once again reminded Jose and the young boy about their jobs. |
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But it's very, very hard to criticise someone when your windpipe is in a reef knot from concussive laughter. |
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The coral cover was nothing to write home about and the usual reef fish-life seemed poor. |
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Sailing is particularly popular around the reef and the Whitsunday Islands, and there are many live-aboard boats and charter yachts. |
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A coral reef approximately a mile from the coast surrounds the island with a shallow lagoon. |
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Some live along steep edges of the reef, and others in sandy sheltered lagoons. |
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This is when the fish leave their reef lairs and congregate by the thousands on traditional spawning banks to the seaward side of the reef. |
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A good diversity of coral life on the reef houses equally diverse marine animals. |
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The work will allow boats and barges to land cargo in bad weather because the planned site is sheltered by the reef. |
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This is a landlocked salt-water lake that was cut off when the surrounding reef rose up in prehistoric times. |
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As no amtracs were then available, the soldiers had to walk in from the reef. |
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Grey reef and other requiem sharks need to move about or to be in moving water so that oxygenated water passes across their gills. |
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Blacktip reef sharks and blacktip sharks are the lightweights of the requiem shark world. |
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Anchors and anchor chains cause serious damage to reef corals and will uproot sea grasses. |
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The larvae spend several months as floating zooplankton before settling down onto the reef. |
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The sites are home to a vast variety of reef dwellers such as the damselfish, angelfish, butterflyfish and sweetlips. |
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Herbivores are quite important for the reef because they keep thick mats of filamentous and leafy algae from smothering the corals. |
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Temporal relationships between organic carbon production and respiration are not well understood in coral reef ecosystems. |
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Cleaner wrasses set up cleaning stations near rocks or under ledges on the reef. |
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Turtles rest on the reef top or on ledges beneath coral overhangs, though they can often be seen cruising along the reef edge. |
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But I also remember being amazed by the lush underwater scene and taking home happy memories of rabbitfish snacking on our bubbles as they escorted us around the house reef. |
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Smaller shoals of zooplanktivores, such as rabbitfishes and the juvenile forms of many other reef species, are also found hovering above and around coral reefs. |
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Still, the reef can be safely explored from dozens of places along the Queensland coast, where it lies within a couple of hours' boat trip from the shore. |
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With some difficulty, the crew members slowly reef, or reduce, the sail. |
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Katkandu motors through a gap in the barrier reef between South Water Caye and Carrie Bow Caye as we pull on shortie wetsuits, weight belts, tanks, fins. |
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Perhaps they hadn't figured out how to reef a sail 600 years ago. |
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Surface gold gave way to rich reef mines, especially at Kalgoorlie. |
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If you are an expert sailor or you can't tell a reef knot from a mainbrace, just turn up and you can be sure of being welcomed on one of the club boats for a sail. |
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This one was found by Florence Trentin in an anfractuosity of the reef. |
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Most parrotfishes seek out caves and ledges in the reef for protection at night, but parrotfishes in the genus Cryptotomus bury themselves in the sand like wrasses. |
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But Searle and other native Gibraltarians say the move to build the reef was about much more than the fishing population. |
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Future projects will include reef development in recreational and commercial shellfish harvesting areas and water quality remediation projects to improve impaired waterways. |
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Representatives of Baker's Bay say the project will not damage the reef. |
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Pieces of its wreckage can be found all over this rocky coastal reef. |
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Our first sign of the Seven Stones was the lightship, anchored between the reef and the northbound shipping channel, slightly to the north of our course. |
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There are also several green moray eels along the reef ledge. |
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The tail end of a cyclone hit Gisborne just as the ship was leaving the harbour and instead of sailing out beyond the reef it finished up aground alongside it. |
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Whatever your reason, diving a tropical reef is as good as it gets. |
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Live coral reef fish, from the Great Barrier Reef and Pacific Island nations, are airfreighted to Asia for restaurants, where they fetch large prices as status symbols. |
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The 7,000-ton freighter is still stocked with sake bottles and four fighter planes, and it is encircled by gray reef. |
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The technique was to go slowly back and forth parallel to the shore on the basalt reef and locate any fissure veins containing copper or other minerals. |
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Then there is the historical aspect of the reef, which brings into focus the reef as resource, a story of commodities and extractive industries, from fishing to mining. |
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This is as close to finding a Lasseter's reef that you could get. |
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The rainbow of life in a coral reef is founded on the partnership between polyps and algae. |
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Coral heads, reef sharks and parrot fish shimmer beneath a plane of water so translucent, that a dinghy moored there not so much floats as levitates. |
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Working the reefs around these islands regularly produce barracuda, various caranx species, largemouth queenfish, king and queen mackerel and various reef fish. |
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Some giant trevallies, the odd green jobfish and a solitary amberjack had paid us a visit, together with an ever-present and rather annoying pack of small reef sharks. |
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Coral reefs are home to a variety of tropical or reef fish, such as the colorful parrotfish, angelfish, damselfish, and butterflyfish. |
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Currently researchers are working to determine the degree various factors impact the reef systems. |
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Other organisations as Practical Action have released informational documents on how to set up coral reef restoration to the public. |
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We couldn't take the boat into the shallows near the reef because our sonar pinger was broken. |
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Finally, coral reef POM constitutes a source of OM for planktonic invertebrates and planktonophagous fish. |
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Although waters were kept calm by an offshore reef, the anchorage area was littered with shoals. |
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In fact, an ancient extinct reef exists half a km seaward of the present one, 30 m below sea level. |
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This near-term gray reef pup bears a pseudo-umbilical cord that connects the young shark to maternal tissue. |
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Brunei, claiming only one reef, has been silent on the issue ever since it began, mostly because of its trade with China. |
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Belize is known for its September Celebrations, its extensive barrier reef coral reefs, and punta music. |
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Despite these protective measures, the reef remains under threat from oceanic pollution as well as uncontrolled tourism, shipping, and fishing. |
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The monster again became an islet, rock, or reef, but a runaway reef, unfixed and elusive. |
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These findings suggest that there is probably an allogenic succession between the two reef units. |
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Neighboring cleaner wrasses and other reef fish swarm to dine at this banquet. |
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Comparative efficacy of clove oil and other chemicals in anaesthetization of Pomacentrus amboinensis, a coral reef fish. |
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Bistability in a differential equation model of oyster reef height and sediment accumulation. |
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Kenya put forward the sawfish proposal while both the reef manta and devil rays were proposed by Fiji. |
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Other chemicals, including quinaldine and plant toxins, are also used to capture reef fish alive. |
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I can still tie a reef knot and even stalk a man-eating lion, crucial around our way. |
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Being on the reef is a revelatory, thrilling and unbeatable experience and with this project we're going to be able to share it with millions. |
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Finding all navigational markers missing, they attempted to pick their own way in through the barrier reef. |
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Soon after, the foresail was reefed, and we mizen-top men were sent up to take another reef in the mizen topsail. |
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However, it is somewhat protected from the full force of a hurricane by the coral reef that surrounds the island. |
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Some mornings when the tide was right out we went onto the reef with screwdrivers to prise off abalone, which we called muttonfish. |
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Wildlife of Djibouti is also listed as part of Horn of Africa biodiversity hotspot and the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden coral reef hotspot. |
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The northern coast is characterised by a number of coral reef systems that have been determined to be at risk. |
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The submarine then visits underwater points of interest such as natural or artificial reef structures. |
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Live copepods are used in the saltwater aquarium hobby as a food source and are generally considered beneficial in most reef tanks. |
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In their coral reef habitat, the green sea turtles have a symbiotic interaction with reef fish, including the yellow tang. |
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One of the most dramatic is the Great Barrier Reef off northeastern Australia with chains of reef patches. |
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In 2005 the Rainbow Warrior II ran aground on and damaged the Tubbataha Reef in the Philippines while inspecting the reef for coral bleaching. |
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The park manager of Tubbataha appreciated the quick action Greenpeace took to assess the damage to the reef. |
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With nine Portuguese crew and nine Indonesians, the ship foundered in a squall and broke up on a reef off a small island. |
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An atoll is an island formed from a coral reef that has grown on an eroded and submerged volcanic island. |
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The Tisler Reef in the Norwegian marine protection of Ytre Hvaler National Park is the largest known coral reef in Europe. |
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The closest living relatives of clawed lobsters are the reef lobsters and the three families of freshwater crayfish. |
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Many cleaner shrimp, which groom reef fish and feed on their parasites and necrotic tissue, are carideans. |
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The loss of Symbiodinium from the host is known as coral bleaching, a condition which leads to the deterioration of a reef. |
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The net effect of fishing practices on global coral reef populations is suggested by many scientists to be alarmingly high. |
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The 1971 Delft Report outlined a series of works for Gold Coast Beaches, including beach nourishment and an artificial reef. |
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The new sand was stabilized by an artificial reef constructed at Narrowneck out of huge geotextile sand bags. |
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The Caribbean Sea has the world's second biggest barrier reef, the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef. |
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Coral reefs can easily be damaged by violent wave action, and can be destroyed when a hurricane dumps sand or mud onto a reef. |
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When this happens, the coral organisms are smothered and the reef dies and ultimately breaks apart. |
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The flagship of the expedition hit a reef and foundered near the island, and the crew and contents had to be salvaged. |
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The reef is the rigid structure of carbonate platforms and is located between the internal lagoon and the slope. |
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The internal lagoon, as the name suggests, is the part of platform behind the reef. |
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If the reef is epicontinental there can be also a terrigenous contribution. |
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The slope is the outer part of the platform, connecting the reef with the basin. |
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High nutrient levels such as those found in runoff from agricultural areas can harm the reef by encouraging the growth of algae. |
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After just four months in the water, the reef attracted a thick coat of bryozoa, sea squirts, algae, oysters, and barnacles. |
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Ancient divergences and recent connections in two tropical Atlantic reef fishes Epinephelus adscensionis and Rypticus saponaceous. |
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I was on my way to the door, but all at once, through the fog in my head, I began to sight one reef that I hadn't paid any attention to afore. |
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A large bommie the shape of an onion extends from the main reef on the northern side, and here were two dark crevices favoured by coral trout. |
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To the right of the Bay immediately behind the reef, rose a pair of uncouth cone-like hills, their heads bonneted in lowering clouds. |
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Patch reefs are hilllike reefs that often occur in sandy lagoon areas or on the upper reef slope of gently inclined fringing reefs. |
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The waters of the Caribbean Sea host large, migratory schools of fish, turtles, and coral reef formations. |
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Many roasts are tied with string prior to roasting, often using the reef knot or the packer's knot. |
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A reef fish's visual system, however, typically doesn't pick out fine distinctions in the yellows but is especially sensitive to shades of blue green. |
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Belize boasts the second largest barrier reef in the world, Mayan ruins, and jungles home to many endangered species such as the Manatee and Jaguar. |
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Barracudas tend to be solitary but are also found in aggregations over prominent reef structures, particularly near artificial structures and shallow bank reefs. |
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A snorkeler's heaven, the thick barrier reef of endangered elkhorn coral has extraordinary formations, deep grottoes, abundant reef fishes, and waving sea fans. |
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Among the subjects she has chosen to go on display are a sea turtle, otters, a white tip shark, a coral reef, a kelp forest, a lion fish and a sea snake. |
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The new reef was designed to improve wave conditions for surfing. |
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In the leftmost, a female swimmer glides over an artificial reef of jettisoned automobiles, each a 1949 Mercury 8 bearing the astronomical symbol for the planet Mercury. |
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I had to know how to tie a reef knot and how to fold my tie. |
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The survey for the Scout Association found that just one in five children could tie a reef knot or repair a flat bicycle tyre, the Daily Express reported. |
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The island of Lundy and the reef of Eddystone are also in Devon. |
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There were black tips, white tips, reef sharks and a wobbegong. |
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Sediments are composed of reef fragments and hard parts of organisms. |
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Encircling Walker's Cay is a barrier reef teeming with fish and remarkable coral formations such as the Flower Garden, Spiral Cavern Reef, White Hole, and Shark Canyon Arena. |
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Owing to soft slidy country rock at the beginning, and hard vughy quartz in the reef, very great difficulty was experienced in putting down this hole. |
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A month later, she was brought inside the reef at Ternate for repairs. |
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There are about 300 species of fish, 250 of which are reef fish. |
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This derives from the Cornish name for the Seven Stones reef, on the reputed site of the lost land's capital and the site of the notorious wreck of the Torrey Canyon. |
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From the W, the cape is difficult to identify, but from the S its extremity appears as a reef which dries in places and is marked by breakers even in calm weather. |
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The ships had struck a reef and run aground during rough seas. |
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The reef rises to the surface of the water and forms a new island. |
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For example, markets for fishes and other natural resources have become global, supplying demand for reef resources far removed from their tropical sources. |
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The boys move in cloudish groups, like schools of fish on the reef. |
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In what ways is cyberculture a mould, a cyberstructure, as a technology-as-process, perhaps one akin to a coral reef that grows, is eaten away, regrows? |
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Indonesia is one of Coral Triangle countries with the world's greatest diversity of coral reef fish with more than 1,650 species in eastern Indonesia only. |
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I'm as willing to save life as the next man, but I'm not going to wreck my ship fooling round a reef in the night-time. How'll you get a boat over, anyhow? |
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Species living in the Mediterranean, Atlantic, and Northern Sea had similar encephalisation indices compared to the indopacific coral reef dwelling species. |
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While there, Golden Hind became caught on a reef and was almost lost. |
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Almost all coral cod, reef cod or rock cod are also in order Perciformes. |
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Eemian disconformity in a fossil coral reef on Great Inagua, The Bahamas. |
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However, brittle stars are also common, if cryptic, members of reef communities, where they hide under rocks and even within other living organisms. |
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